Worksheets for Elementary Math Doubles Addition

The Hiv And Aids Disease Is A Major Worldwide Ongoing Health

The HIV and AIDS disease is a major worldwide ongoing health epidemic. Which affects millions of people of all ages each year. HIV or the Human Immunodifency Virus has been speculated to have come from chimpanzees due to the similarities of the SIV virus found in the animal. SIV or the Simian Immunodeficiency virus is a virus that attacks the immune system of monkeys and apes. While HIV attacks the immune system of humans. The region of origin of the virus is the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is where chimpanzees were being hunted and eaten by the people living in the area (HIV†¦). After thorough research of the connection between SIV and HIV, it has been confirmed that a strain of the SIV in a chimpanzee is almost identical to†¦show more content†¦According to Advert, significant progress in the last decade and increased national response have stemmed the epidemic across the country as well as increasing the quality of life for people living with HIV. The HIV epidemic in China is classified as having a low national prevalence with certain regions having higher and more severe HIV prevalence rates. The country faces challenges of providing more targeted prevention programs to certain risk groups such as drug users and the younger population. Even with the increase of awareness of HIV, China still faces challenges with slow progression of treatment, care, and support. According to Advert, in 2014 about 21 thousand people in China have died from AIDS-related causes. Also people living with HIV experience high levels of discrimination. China’s HIV and AIDS epidemic has mainly affected the drug users in the country due to sharing infected needles but now the increase of sexual transmission of HIV causes great concern for China. The main target of sexual transmission is women. The women in China are at a higher risk than men because they are more vulnerable due to lack of education or have no access to treatment centers. Since China is a heavily populated country, the virus is likely to spread at a faster rate. Migration, sex work, and the education deficit are some social factors of Chinese women’s vulnerability (Thompson). Social changes in China haveShow MoreRelatedTuberculosis : A Global Epidemic1300 Words   |  6 Pagestuberculosis has been a notifiable disease since the 1990s, the impact of the disease has been underestimated due to lack of data on incidence and financial burden of the illness. Trends in recent years indicate that tuberculosis incidence rates have not only stabilized but decli ned steadily which indeed is phenomenal progress. But while progress is being made one should not forget the fact that tuberculosis still is the leading cause of death worldwide among HIV/AIDS infected individuals and also accountsRead MoreThe Issues of Breast Cancer in Nigeria Essay1552 Words   |  7 Pagesagainst breast cancer as she recommends all women do the same. The issue of breast cancer is fast becoming a major one. There is a huge hole to be filled in the area of breast cancer awareness in Nigeria. An article posted in the ‘The Daily Trust’ titled, â€Å"Breast Cancer amongst us† claims â€Å"Nigeria is one of the many places in the world where breast cancer and other life-threatening diseases are discussed in whispers, if at all discussed† (Ade, 1). According to Chukwuma Chiedozie, in his book â€Å"Cancer†Read MoreEmpowering Hiv Infected Mothers2105 Words   |  9 PagesEmpowering HIV-Infected Mothers In religion, stigma is a word that has always held a significant cultural impact in human rights throughout history, in particular a significantly discriminating effect. However, in the last century we have globally experienced cultural shifts that have redefined the word to a more general sense. Simply type in the word â€Å"stigma† on any search engine on the web and phrases such as â€Å"mark of shame† and â€Å"negative† or â€Å"unfair† are common terms to describe it. So why doRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Infection ( Hiv ) Global Health Report6698 Words   |  27 PagesThe International Health Assignment 3 Global Health Report Done by: Ibrahim Hilal Al Mahrooqi S5018603 Human Immunodeficiency Infection (HIV) Global Health Report Part one: Overview: One of the most important serious global health infection nowadays is ?acquired immunodeficiency syndrome? which is caused by HIV virus infection. The disease was discovered long time back in 1981. HIV infection is considered to be one the most important public health challenge in all countries and requireRead MoreRwanda, Uganda, And Burundi2325 Words   |  10 Pagesthere were about 33.75 births per 1,000 people and the average death rate was 8.96 deaths per 1,000 people. Unfortunately, there are only about 0.06 physicians per 1,000 people, which compared to other countries is substantially small causing many health issues not being resolved. (cia) Besides the general fact about Rwanda, an unfortunate event took place from April to July of 1994. Members of the Hutu ethnic majority (about 85 percent of the population) in the east central African nation of RwandaRead MoreNeedle Exchange Programs : Fighting The Hiv Epidemic2573 Words   |  11 Pages Needle Exchange Programs: Fighting the HIV Epidemic Nicole Worthem Lewis University Introduction Needle exchange programs (NEPs) are programs which provide sterile syringes to injection drug users (IDUs) in exchange for used needles (Strathdee, 2004). The theory behind these programs lies on the foundation of harm reduction and circulation theory (Strathdee, 2004). The principle of harm reduction suggests that providing access to sterile supplies for injection of drugs, if the userRead MorePrevention Strategies of Communicable Diseases2781 Words   |  12 PagesPrevention Strategies of Communicable diseases Methods of Control Communicable diseases occur only when the causative agent comes into contact with a susceptible host in a suitable environment. Prevention and control efforts for communicable diseases may be directed to any of these three elements. Communicable diseases affect both individuals and communities, so control efforts may be directed at both. Treatment of persons with communicable diseases with antibiotics typically kills the agent andRead MoreHiv / Aids Exploded Into The Public Conscience2036 Words   |  9 PagesHIV/AIDS exploded into the public conscience in the early 1980 s. Many of the earliest cases were reported in the media as being the result of homosexual sex practices. In 1983, an AIDS Hotline was published by the United States CDC disseminating information regarding the disease and it was reported that cases were discovered in female patients who had sexual contact with men with AIDS. By September of that year the government had published the known routes of transmission of this new virusRead MoreThe World Health Organization Of The United Nations1569 Words   |  7 PagesThe World Health Organization (WHO) is one of the leading organization’s in the world, that devotes it’s time improving the health of individual’s all around the world. This public organization is an affiliate of the United Nations (UN) with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. Likewise, it’s the coordinating and directing authority for health matters within the systems of the United Nations. The WHO is responsible for the provision of health matters across the globe, shaping the health researchRead MoreThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus : Biology, Epidemiology, And Pathogenesis3000 Words   |  12 PagesPathogenesis Only a few diseases in modern history have been so devastating and impose a direct global public health threat to be referred to as â€Å"The modern plague† [1, 2]. The Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is considered to be the causative agent of one of the deadliest pandemics our generation have witnessed collecting over 30 million lives worldwide since the 1980s [3], with 3.4 million children under the age of 15 living with the virus as of 2012 [4]. In 1983, HIV has been linked to the acquired

Public Relations in Enterprise Strategy †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Public Relations in Enterprise Strategy. Answer: Introduction The report talks about the sustainability development approaches are followed by the company. BHP Billiton has been selected for the report. The report presents the key features and techniques used by the company. The strategies planned by the company are made with the help of stakeholders and other professionals. The report presents the example of sustainability development by explaining about the BHP Billiton. BHP Billiton is a leading global resource mining company. It was founded in 1885 and it has seen many ups and downs in the last past years. The company is expanding and flourishing its business day by day. The company serves the products worldwide. The Company is dealing in iron ore, coal, petroleum, copper, natural gas, nickel amp;uranium across the world. It is one of the biggest mining companies in Australia. The report talks about the way followed by the BHP Billiton to make sustainable development with the help of stakeholders and marketers. The report describes the soci al and environmental risk that the company goes through while making decisions to sustain in future. The report explains the design management criterion that is adopted by company for growth and success. Everything is planned keeping in mind to achieve a common goal. Overall, the report majorly focuses on sustainability development. It explains that how the company is maintaining transparency and accountability in the firm. The ethical engagement and corporation play a vital role in BHP Billiton. To develop ethical engagement the company must communicate with the stakeholders. They help in making decisions at every level. To develop the engagement the company adopts new approach and strategy. The main aim of the company is to engage deeply in the business activities and operations with other companies for its growth and success. The Company engages with large stakeholder to expand their business on a large scale. They follow this strategy in order to meet the long term goals and objectives (Linnenluecke, Meath, Rekker, Sidhu Smith, 2015). The Company engages with the stakeholders in many different ways. The company shares all the information with stakeholders which is related with business. Further, many activities are conducted in the business by the employees. This allows the company to find solutions to major problems and obstacles. The Company cooperates with those companies who have highly experie nced stakeholders. This develops the relations with the other companies in competition. They contribute to the society by engaging with the important issues (Mayes, Pini McDonald, 2013). Accountability and transparency in BHP Billiton BHP Billiton Company is flourishing its business since its existence in the market. The company is aware about the needs, expectations and requirements of its clients. This makes easy for the company to be accountable to its clients issues. The company is easily answerable to the clients. This helps them to satisfy the demands of the clients. The company is making effective strategy to make their clients happy (Woodside, Camacho Lai, 2013). The firm maintains good relations with clients. In this way, the firm can easily resolve the problems. The BHP Billiton is able to meet the requirements of the clients it develops and build strong relationship with them. This creates transparency and accountability between the company and clients. The clients are aware about everything that the firm is doing. They know the strategy that the company follows to meet growth and success in the market. The main objective of the company is to sell its products across the world. Through this transparenc y, the company maintains a report in which they write the working of the company that what they do, how they do, why they do in the working. This provides clear information of organizations functioning. Any member of the firm can see the report in order to get the idea about the company (Pellegrino Lodhia, 2012). Their contribution to the society is by ensuring the health and safety of the employee. They are able to meet with this risk by maintaining a report of the employees working in the firm. It is a challenge for the company to meet the demands of the society. The role of society is a very important thing for them. It provides them the license to operate. So it becomes very challenging for them to satisfy the demands of the society. The society has the power to make the company grow as well fall in the market. This creates the issue of societal risk. The Society shares the success of the business (Prno Slocombe, 2012). The strategies planned by the company to meet the demands of the environment are very effective and impactful. The company diversifies its resources to make the establishment easy in the future. To ensure that the decisions made are correct and relevant to the environment it presents it in front of corporate, contractors, suppliers, employees, etc (Epstein Buhovac, 2014) . They work together to make the necessary changes to sustain and growth in the future. The change in the trends becomes a challenge for the company. They have to make changes in their manufacturing process as the trend changes. They do every possible thing to develop and build in the market and satisfy the societal needs. They maintain a good relationship with society which helps them in a sustainable future. They are flourishing and expanding its business in order to meet growth in the future. This made them use the natural resources effectively and is able to maintain its license to operate in the market (de Villiers Alexander, 2014). Key concepts and techniques of sustainability development in BHP Billiton The key areas have permitted the growth and success of the business. BHP Billiton makes the strategy in such a way that it has an impact on its sustainable development. Its growth depends on the various types of decisions made by the company to achieve the goals (Sun, Zhang Chen, 2013). Their concepts relates with the decisions made by the stakeholders and higher authorities in the firm. The techniques followed by the company shows a path to make future decisions. This makes the growth of the company strong in the market (Fonseca, McAllister Fitzpatrick,2014). The company before implementing the plans for sustainable development checks and analyzes the different area such as: It is a strategy followed by the company to keep expanding its business in the future also. They make decisions with the help of stakeholders which allow them to maintain its growth in the market. They include all the aspects of business environment including safety, security, policy and strategic planning. They design the product by discussing the opinions of all the members of the organization (Klettner, Clarke Boersma, 2014). Sustainable development for BHP is to ensure that business is running smoothly and leading towards benefits of the organization. The management follows the instruction of the authorities. This leads in forming good and effective strategies for the companys development (Robins, 2010). The sustainability report of BHP Billiton is presented in two aspects: A full repot about the web- based details and a report containing the information of the company in a summary. They have a sustainable development policy which states their objective of being the company of choice and creating a sustainable area for the employees, stakeholders and other members working in the organization. The sustainable approach of the company depends on its commitment, standards and positions. It focuses on the key elements made by the stakeholders of the company (Steyn Niemann, 2014). Conclusion The report is based on the governance and sustainability of BHP Billiton. The company uses the various strategies and approaches to gain the long term success and sustainability. The company plans according to the demands of the society or environment. They follow various techniques of functioning which resulted in companys growth since many years. The report tells the social and environmental risk that company faces while making decisions for sustain well in future. The ultimate aim of the company is to achieve the goal and make an image and position in the market. The company makes its ethical engagement and builds relationship with the stakeholders by cooperating with them. They follow a proper design management system to increase its profit and generate good outputs. References Brueckner, M., Durey, A., Mayes, R., Pforr, C. (2013). The mining boom and Western Australias changing landscape: Towards sustainability or business as usual?.Rural Society,22(2), 111-124. de Villiers, C., Alexander, D. (2014). The institutionalisation of corporate social responsibility reporting.The British Accounting Review,46(2), 198-212. Epstein, M. J., Buhovac, A. R. (2014).Making sustainability work: Best practices in managing and measuring corporate social, environmental, and economic impacts. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Erickson, T., Barrett, R., Merritt, D., Dixon, K. (Eds.). (2016).Pilbara seed atlas and field guide: plant restoration in Australia's arid northwest. CSIRO PUBLISHING. Fonseca, A., McAllister, M. L., Fitzpatrick, P. (2014). Sustainability reporting among mining corporations: a constructive critique of the GRI approach.Journal of Cleaner Production,84, 70-83. Klettner, A., Clarke, T., Boersma, M. (2014). The governance of corporate sustainability: Empirical insights into the development, leadership and implementation of responsible business strategy.Journal of Business Ethics,122(1), 145-165. Linnenluecke, M. K., Meath, C., Rekker, S., Sidhu, B. K., Smith, T. (2015). Divestment from fossil fuel companies: Confluence between policy and strategic viewpoints.Australian Journal of Management,40(3), 478-487. Lodhia, S., Martin, N. (2014). Corporate sustainability indicators: an Australian mining case study.Journal of cleaner production,84, 107-115. Mayes, R., Pini, B., McDonald, P. (2013). Corporate social responsibility and the parameters of dialogue with vulnerable others.Organization,20(6), 840-859. Pellegrino, C., Lodhia, S. (2012). Climate change accounting and the Australian mining industry: exploring the links between corporate disclosure and the generation of legitimacy.Journal of Cleaner Production,36, 68-82. Prno, J., Slocombe, D. S. (2012). Exploring the origins of social license to operatein the mining sector: Perspectives from governance and sustainability theories.Resources Policy,37(3), 346-357. Robins, F. (2010). Learning from corporate mistakes.Corporate Communications: An International Journal,15(2), 169-180. Steyn, B., Niemann, L. (2014). Strategic role of public relations in enterprise strategy, governance and sustainabilityA normative framework.Public Relations Review,40(2), 171-183. Sun, S. L., Zhang, Y., Chen, Z. (2013). The challenges of Chinese outward investment in developed countries: The case of CITIC Pacific's Sino Iron Project in Australia.Thunderbird International Business Review,55(3), 313-322. Woodside, A. G., Camacho, A. R., Lai, W. H. (2013). Guest Editorial: Sense Making, Dilemmas, and Solutions in Strategic Management.International Journal of Business and Economics,12(2), 91-95.

Rationalism vs Empiricism Using Descartes free essay sample

Q3:What are the main differences between rationalism and empiricism as approaches to knowledge? Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each, using Descartes (Second Meditation) as the example of a rationalist, and Hume or Locke as the example of an empiricist. In your view which approach better explains the common-sense knowledge of the world that we take for granted? Common-sense knowledge is information we know and understand unproblematically. It could be that a spider has six legs, your two times tables or that in answering a multiple choice test, it is a good idea to bring a rubber and fill in your answers in pencil. It is information gained from ordinary life. Epistemology is a philosophical term in reference to the nature and limitations of knowledge. It addresses firstly what is knowledge, secondly how is knowledge acquired and thirdly the limitations of knowledge. Rationalism and empiricism are two approaches which seek to provide answers to these questions (Cottingham, 1988). We will write a custom essay sample on Rationalism vs Empiricism Using Descartes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Empiricism perceives that the development of concepts and ideas are dependent on the senses (Markie, 2008). Alternatively rationalism ascertains that reasoning, intuition and deduction are the ultimate vehicles to acquiring knowledge, not sensory experience. These theories do not necessarily exist in opposition of each other, but can co-exist to describe how one views the acquisition of knowledge in different fields (Markie, 2008). Throughout this essay, I will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each view using Descartes’ ‘Second Meditation’ in contrast to Hume’s ‘Enquiry Concerning the Human Understanding’. I will then elaborate how the Empiricist perspective provides a better explanation to common sense knowledge of the world we live in. Rationalism Rationalism is a method in which the criterion of the truth is not sensory but intellectual and deductive. The rationalistic perspective survives on the assumption that firstly, there is a rational structure to the world and secondly, that people have the capacity to comprehend it. It utilises the deductive methods of logic to provide a model for all human knowledge and relies on intuition (Markie, 2008). This is not always the case, so this philosophy cannot be relied in all circumstances. Rationalism is founded on the thesis of Intuition/Deduction, thesis of Innate Knowledge or Innate Concept thesis separately or in some combination (Markie, 2008). The Intuition/Deduction thesis proposes that in a particular subject area, some information is known by intuition alone or that knowledge is gained by deduction from intuited propositions. Experiences are incapable of developing one’s knowledge but can catalyse thinking causing knowledge to progress from unconsciousness to consciousness (Cottingham, 1988). The Innate Knowledge thesis asserts that some knowledge is inherent within humanity like DNA, as part of our rational nature. The Innate Concept theory is based on the assertion that some of our concepts are not gained from experience (Markie, 2008). The rational nature organically possesses an individual’s concepts. Sense experiences might catalyse a process by which concepts are better understood but experience does not provide the concepts or determine the information they contain, rationality does (Markie, 2008). Other minor theories which are used less significantly to endorse Rationalism are the Indispensability of Reason Thesis and the Superiority of Reason Thesis. The Indispensability of Reason theorem states that we gain knowledge in a certain area when we utilise deduction and employ intuition. In reality they have ‘narrowly confined limits with no more creative power than compounding, transposing, augmenting or diminishing the materials provided by the senses’. If a person is without the capacity of one of the senses, they are devoid of the information provided by that sense and are incapable of understanding information attached to that sensation (Hume, 1975). Restoring that sense enables them to receive sensory input, enabling them to conceive the attached ideas. This proves the importance of the sensory experience and that without it understanding is impossible. Comparison In my opinion, Empiricism better explains the common-sense view of the world. This is because knowledge gained through rational thought however much you can understand it, is not engrained or integrated into your core beliefs to the same degree as that gained through tangible experience. Knowledge gained through experience is more strongly felt and can be considered to be superior to knowledge gained by reflection (Hume, 1975). Without an experience of the subject in focus, the information is detached and reflection cannot proceed to occur. Intuition and deduction, however relevant, are open to deception and can lead to inaccurate assumptions. People previously believed the earth was flat and the earth was the centre of the universe, as this â€Å"information† fit their current schemas. It made sense but lead to wrong conclusions as it lacked testing. It is through empirical observation that accurate insight was reached. Their rational thinking followed logical deduction and was believed to be correct due to their intuition, but even rational thinking can be fallible leading to wrong assumptions (Descartes, 1984). It is proven that when people possess strongly held beliefs, they perceive information in such a way to support their current understanding and deny opposing views, filtering out information that does not fit their current schemas like putting blinkers on a horse. Although they believe their thoughts to be rational, their powers of deduction are compromised and can be rationally wrong. This significantly limits their ability to gain knowledge (Descartes, 1984). Conclusion Rationalism and Empiricism are two distinctly different views relating to epistemology and the degree of input that the senses provide in the formation of knowledge.

Example Letter to Friend Describing An Exciting or Frightening Experience

Example Letter to Friend Describing An Exciting or Frightening Experience Free Online Research Papers Example Letter to Friend Describing An Exciting or Frightening Experience Dear Charles, It’s been a long time since I last wrote to you and I hope you are doing fine.Last week I experienced one of the most frightening moments of my life. I was teaching my last lesson of the day and standing by the window I saw two guys pass by. Frankly speaking, I didn’t like the way the looked into my class. I couldn’t help feeling quite uneasy after that, I told my students about it and they said I was fussing over it. I tried to go on with my class but those guys kept passing by. After finishing my class I got in my car and decided to stay there for a while and check what was going on. A short time later, I saw the two men trying to break the front door lock. I immediately called the police. The two burglars were encountering problems to break into and finally they made a clean getaway when they began to worry that someone might see them. When the police showed up, after an hour or so, they asked me if I could offer clues to their identities. I refused doing so, I was really disappointed at them, if they had come soon after I made the first call they would have been able to catch them. â€Å"We are keen to trace these guys as soon as possible as we believe they have been involved in a number of break-ins.†, the policeman said. The police officers in my country are well known for their bad reputation and in this case I have grounds to believe that. I am not going to cooperate with them, they might catch them but they will surely be released on the same day. I have been so traumatized, I have been unable to sleep properly since. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon. Ana Research Papers on Example Letter to Friend Describing An Exciting or Frightening Experience19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresStandardized TestingThe Fifth HorsemanThe Hockey GameThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseQuebec and CanadaPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsMind Travel

Impulse - Force Over Time

Impulse - Force Over Time Force applied over time creates an impulse, a change in momentum. Impulse is defined in classical mechanics as a force multiplied by the amount of time it acts over. In calculus terms, the impulse can be calculated as the integral of force with respect to time.  The symbol for impulse is J or Imp.   Force is a vector quantity (the direction matters) and impulse is also a vector in the same direction. When an impulse is applied to an object, it has a vector change in its linear momentum. Impulse is the product of the average net force acting on an object and its duration.  J  Ã‚  F̅Δt Alternately, impulse can be calculated as the difference in momentum between two given instances.  Impulse change in momentum force x time. Units of Impulse The SI unit of impulse is the same as for momentum, the Newton second N*s or kg*m/s. The two terms are equal. English engineering units for impulse are pound-second (lbf*s) and slug-foot per second (slug*ft/s). The Impulse-Momentum Theorem This theorem is logically equivalent to Newtons second law of motion: force equals mass times acceleration, also known as the force law. The change in momentum of an object equals the impulse applied to it.  J  Ã‚  ÃŽâ€ p. This theorem can be applied to a constant mass or to a changing mass. It is relevant especially to rockets, where the mass of the rocket changes as fuel is expended to produce the thrust. Impulse of Force The product of average force and the time in which it is exerted is the impulse of force. It is equal to the change of momentum of an object that isnt changing mass. This is a useful concept when you are studying impact forces. If you increase the time over which the change of force happens, the impact force also decreases. This is used in mechanical design for safety, and it is useful in sports applications as well. You want to reduce the impact force for a car hitting guardrail, for example, by designing the guardrail to collapse as well as designing parts of the car to crumple on impact. This lengthens the time of the impact and therefore the force. If you want a ball to be propelled further, you want to shorten the time of impact with a racket or bat, raising the impact force. Meanwhile, a boxer knows to lean away from a punch so it takes longer in landing, reducing the impact. Specific Impulse Specific impulse is a measure of the efficiency of rockets and jet engines. It is the total impulse that is produced by a unit of propellant as it is consumed. If a rocket has a higher specific impulse, it needs less propellant to gain altitude, distance, and speed. It is the equivalent of the thrust divided by the propellant flow rate. If the propellant weight is used (in Newton or pound), specific impulse is measured in seconds. This is often how rocket engine performance is reported by manufacturers.

Medical workers involved in CIA interrogations Essay

Medical workers involved in CIA interrogations - Essay Example The fact remains that harm was caused to the prisoners. The intentions are not a factor when determining a breach of medical, moral ethics. Belmont report identifies three principles that must be adhered to when conducting researchers with the human being as study sample. They include the protection of human rights, ensuring justice so that those who bear the burden should also reap the benefits and the beneficence principle which requires the express consent of the people involved. In this research, none of the principles were upheld. Human rights were abused, and the prisoners were not done any justice as they were not the beneficiary. Further, the prisoners did not consent to the research and hence the beneficence principle was disregarded. The actions by the doctors were evil when looked at in different dimensions: religion, secular or even to Kant’s ethics. There is no religion or secular civilization that supports human right abuse. Even Kant’s ethics prioritizes the respect for human right. I do not agree with the policy of treating such reports as confidential. Utility principle has it that the report would only be important if intended to create happiness and pleasure. As such, if the report cannot be used to prevent such human abuse from re-occurring, then it was an effort in futility. I think doctors in such cases should be personally held responsible for causing harm to persons. I think the principle of human right should come to play to ensure that its abuse is punished according to the law.

Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Law - Essay Example Should the parents happen to marry at some time after the birth, citizenship is automatically granted to the child retroactively. If the child is over 14 at that time, however, his or her consent is needed. Some persons are entitled to Wulfrunian citizenship by a simpler process than naturalization. Renunciation of foreign citizenship is still almost always required. Minor children of a person granted Wulfrunian citizenship are normally granted Wulfrunian citizenship as well. Former citizens of newly independent Wulfrunia who lost citizenship other than by renunciation or deprivation may be granted Wulfrunian citizenship after 1 year's residence in Wulfrunia. Wulfrunian citizenship must have been possessed for 10 years before it was lost. A stateless person born in Wulfrunia may be granted Wulfrunian citizenship within two years of age 18 if he has lived in Wulfrunia for a total of 10 years, including 5 years continuously before application. An Wulfrunian citizen who acquires another citizenship by voluntary action automatically loses Wulfrunian citizenship. The exception is in cases where permission to retain Wulfrunian citizenship has been obtained in advance. In practical terms this is quite difficult to obtain, since it needs to be in the interest of the republic of Wulfrunia to grant this dual citizenship. Wulfrunian citizenship is also automatically lost by serving in a foreign army. In the UK, the Natio... Minor children of a person granted Wulfrunian citizenship are normally granted Wulfrunian citizenship as well. Spouses of Wulfrunian citizens The marriage has to have lasted a minimum of 5 years; and The couple has to have lived together for 5 years; and The spouse applicant has to have lived in Wulfrunia permanently for a minimum of 6 years. Long residence in Wulfrunia A person who has lived in Wulfrunia for 30 years, or 15 years in cases of 'sustained personal and occupational integration' is entitled to grant of Wulfrunian citizenship. Former Wulfrunian citizens Former citizens of newly independent Wulfrunia who lost citizenship other than by renunciation or deprivation may be granted Wulfrunian citizenship after 1 year's residence in Wulfrunia. Wulfrunian citizenship must have been possessed for 10 years before it was lost. A person who lost Wulfrunian nationality as a child (other than by deprivation) may re-acquire it by declaration within 2 years of turning 18. Stateless persons born in Wulfrunia A stateless person born in Wulfrunia may be granted Wulfrunian citizenship within two years of age 18 if he has lived in Wulfrunia for a total of 10 years, including 5 years continuously before application. Loss of Wulfrunian citizenship An Wulfrunian citizen who acquires another citizenship by voluntary action automatically loses Wulfrunian citizenship. The exception is in cases where permission to retain Wulfrunian citizenship has been obtained in advance. In practical terms this is quite difficult to obtain, since it needs to be in the interest of the republic of Wulfrunia to grant this dual citizenship. Wulfrunian citizenship is also automatically lost by serving in a foreign army. Dual citizenship Wulfrunian law substantially

Law Enforcement Today Essay Example for Free

Law Enforcement Today Essay There are many issues facing that law enforcement today from things such as racial discrimination to probable cause and for the officers who go through this on a daily basis it is has been a long and hard fight. In today’s law enforcement agencies there are many local, state and federal agencies that are in contact with the Department of Homeland Security. Racial discrimination is an issue for law enforcement today because there are cases in which a white officer arrests or shoots someone who is a minority and the minority public sees this to be an act of racial discrimination versus it being that someone who happens to be a minority not abiding by the laws that govern them and all the citizens around them as well as attempting to cause harm to those around them. For instance I am sure everyone has heard about the Michael Brown case that occurred in August 2014 where a white police officer shot and killed a black teenager in Ferguson, Missouri which has caused a problem in other agencies while their officers are on the road. Another incident that has become an issue is the safety of officers. For instance back on September 12, 2014 when a man who was seeking change shot and killed a Pennsylvania State Trooper while injuring another. Another issue all local, state and federal agencies deal with would be the issue on immigration. The reason immigration is an issue for police agencies is because when you have a person or a group of people that have come to the U.S. illegally they can cause problems in society that are unwanted and that cause crime to rocket in a specific area or all over the country. Another issue that the police agencies go through would be cybercrime. Cybercrime is a big issue for police agencies because the job of the police department is to protect the citizens and when a child is being bullied to the point the child takes their life or child pornography is being exposed on the internet it is a crime because it is causing someone else to become unsafe as well as it being illegal. Cybercrime is also very difficult for law enforcement  agencies to deal with because they can be very difficult to catch unless someone points out in plain view the specifics of who, when, where, what, and how it is occurring. Local, state and federal law enforcement agencies interact with Homeland Security in many ways. Some ways that these agencies interact with Homeland Security is by helping to continue in keeping the citizens of the United States of America safe report and by eliminate terrorist attacks or anything that will hinder the lives of the American people in any way in the United States. For instance if a local police agency runs a traffic stop that positively identifies known terrorists than they can bring the terrorists for questioning and to alert the state and federal agencies and the government on information about the terrorists and their groups. The way the Department of Homeland Security gets the federal, local and state law enforcement agencies involved is by collecting data, information, tools and resources that each of these agencies are going to need in order help eliminate terrorism in the United States. While trying to get all the agencies involved there are also different things that DHS and the local, state and federal agencies can do in order to improve their relationship. Such things include on how they communicate and share information, enhance federal resources as well as supporting them through grants, training and other means. Lastly, they would be to strengthen its analytic capabilities to achieve better awareness of new and emerging threats. As one who would like to become a police officer one day I too would like to gain access in helping to resolve the issues that the local, state and federal governments are facing today as well as in the future as well as protecting the citizens of the United States. Taking it step by step will help eliminate the threat of terror as well as even the issues of the department and the Standard Operating Procedures they go through.

Free Siddhartha Essays: Finding the Truth :: Hesse Siddhartha Essays

Finding Truth in Siddhartha In Hermann Hesse's Siddhartha, a classic novel about enlightenment, the main character, Siddhartha, goes on a lifelong journey of self-discovery. Along the way, Siddhartha encounters many who try to teach him enlightenment, undoubtedly the most important being the Buddha himself. Although Siddhartha rejects the Buddha's teachings, saying that wisdom cannot be taught, we can see, nevertheless, that along his journey for understanding Siddhartha encounters the Four Noble Truths that are a central theme in Buddhism: suffering, the cause of suffering, the end of suffering, and the middle path. The First Noble Truth is The Truth of Suffering. If people examine their own experiences, or look at the world around them, they will see that life is full of suffering. In the novel, Siddhartha experiences the two forms of suffering - physical and mental. Physical suffering can come in many forms - disease, ageing, injury. Siddhartha experiences physical suffering as a young man when he joins the ascetics or Samanas. As a Samana, Siddhartha learns to fast, to tolerate extreme heat and cold, and to endure pain through meditation. Siddhartha's life as a samana is bitter, and he learns that "life [is] pain" (p.11). Siddhartha experiences mental pain in the second half of his life when he begins a contrasting existence of pleasure, and then again when he meets his only son. After leaving the Samanas, Siddhartha begins a life of decadence in the house of a wealthy merchant and in the company of a beautiful courtesan. Though at first Siddhartha remains apart from their daily troubles, as the years go by Siddhartha himself begins to value money, fine wine, and material possessions. Because of this "a thin mist, a weariness [settles] on Siddhartha," (p. 63) and he is engulfed in mental pain. Later, after ridding himself of the pain of the life of a wealthy merchant by becoming a simple ferryman, Siddhartha again experiences mental anguish when he meets his son. Siddhartha immediately falls in love with his arrogant 11-year-old son, whom he has never seen before. But the son despises his father and his simple life, and after a short time runs away. Siddhartha becomes restless and worried, again experiencing great mental anguish. As he goes along his journey, Siddhartha realizes The Second Noble Truth - that the direct cause of suffering is desire.

I am malala

Independent Reading l. Cultural Connections Mall Housefly is the protagonist, narrator, and author of I Am Mall. She is born into a religious Pakistan family in Swat during a time of women oppression. Housefly makes a point to write about her happiness and freedom before Taliban took over. Her Pakistan heritage encourages many cultural traditions including dressing conservatively. Women are instructed to show respect by wearing bursas, which covered their face and body. The role of women is to cook and care for their families, â€Å"We'd [women] be expected to cook and serve our brothers and fathers.While boys and men could roam freely about town, my mother and I could not go out without a male relative to accompany us, even if it was a five-year-old boy! This was the tradition† (26). Mall is a smart girl who had correct morals and beliefs. Her two priorities are religion and education. Mall does not agree with Taliban laws, including the emphasis of education only available f or men. Mammal's father, too, believes that such a thing was wrong. Her father and the holy Quern support her to stick up for what she believed in.She speaks on behalf of the community and those ho were afraid to speak up, â€Å"The more interviews I gave, the stronger I felt and more support we received† (141). This courage leads her to win the Noble Peace Prize. Written in her perspective, Mall uses many of her own experiences throughout the novel. â€Å"She [Amoeba] always says, ‘l have four brothers, and if I do even the slightest thing wrong they can stop me from going to school† (77). Mall explains both the history of women oppression and her own personal experiences to depict the horrible conditions in Pakistan.II. Vocabulary in Context Charisma: compelling charm that can inspire devotion in others; â€Å"Even today people elk of Mr.. Bout as a man of great charisma† (20). This word attracted me because it is in 100 Words to Make You Sound Smart. It promotes Mr.. Bathtub's character. Chapatti: unleavened flattered made from flour and water; â€Å"My mother made our usual breakfast of sugary tea, chapattis, and fried egg† (118). This word attracted me because I was unfamiliar with it. It describes the food Mammal's culture ate on a normal day.Martyr: a person who is killed because of their religious beliefs; â€Å"Some of the girls refused, saying that their teachers had taught them that to become a martyr s a glorious thing† (66). This word attracted me because I was unfamiliar with it. It encourages religion as the number one priority in their culture. Unexamined: Islamic soldiers; â€Å"The unexamined will find you wherever you go' (105). I chose this word because it is an Urdu term. It describes the threat to Mammal's father, telling him to shut down his school.Blasphemous: profound; â€Å"Muslims widely considered it blasphemous and it provoked so much outrage that it seemed people were talking of little el se† (27). I chose this word because it reminded me of ‘lurid' from 100 Words to Make You Sound Smart. It describes how angry Muslims were about the book published that was considered a parody of the Prophet's life. Burma: a long garment that covers everything from head to toe that Muslim women wear in public; â€Å"Wearing a Burma is like walking inside big fabric shuttlecock with only a grille to see through and on hot days it's like an oven† (37).This word attracted me because it was surrounded by similes. It describes the clothing women had to wear, supporting the idea that women do not have it easy. Aba: affectionate Urdu term meaning â€Å"father†; â€Å"Aba, I am confused. ‘ I told my father† (101). This word attracted me because ABA means father in Hebrew, too. This word describes how Mall was bilingual as sometimes she refers to her father in Urdu. Barbaric: exceedingly brutal; â€Å"If anything the Taliban became even more barbaricâ⠂¬  (86). This word attracted me because my brother used to use it frequently in his vocabulary.This word describes how cruel and powerful the Taliban became. Commiserated: express sympathy or pity; â€Å"When I was born, people in our village commiserated with my mother and nobody congratulated my father† (1). This word attracted me because I was unfamiliar with it. It describes the tragedy that it was to be a girl at the time. Autonomous: having self- government; â€Å"†¦ We went with the newly created Pakistan but stayed autonomous† (13). This word attracted me because I was unfamiliar with it.It is used to describe the independence once Britain divided from India. Ill. Writers' reflection: Throughout the novel, despite all of her misfortunes, Mall manages to keep a strong and optimistic attitude. Even in the hospital while she was struggling to survive, Mall does not want to seek revenge on the people that hurt her, â€Å"I didn't even think a single bad tho ught about the man who shot me-?I had no thoughts of revenge-?I Just wanted to go back to Swat. I wanted to go home† (282). This quotation shows how Mall never had bad intentions.She believes that if one takes revenge for wrongdoings done to them, the fighting would go on and on, â€Å"There is no time limit† (39). Mammal's writing is consistent in that she effectively delivered personal and emotional stories. She uses figurative language including imagery and similes to create a picture in readers' minds to help them further understand her perspective, Our words were like the eucalyptus blossoms of spring tossed away on the wind† (142). This quotation explains how her voice was not heard right away.It took time and effort, and so will most things people speak up for. She teaches readers not to give up on what matters to them. She uses a metaphor to describe the relationship between her and her father . â€Å"†¦ L was his universe† (246). Together, the y worked to get their voices heard. The diction throughout the novel is mostly informal. However, towards the end when she wins the award and meets highly respected officials, her beech becomes more formal, â€Å"l will request you all, and I will request that if you can help us in our education, so please help us† (184).Overall, I enjoyed Houseboat's story. I think that she shared many important lessons. Reading the book in her perspective opened my eyes and made me grateful to have as much freedom as I do. It amazes me that I am the same age as Mall, for she has accomplished so much in her life. Mall Yugoslavia is an inspiration to me and an inspiration to all. I am malala Independent Reading l. Cultural Connections Mall Housefly is the protagonist, narrator, and author of I Am Mall. She is born into a religious Pakistan family in Swat during a time of women oppression. Housefly makes a point to write about her happiness and freedom before Taliban took over. Her Pakistan heritage encourages many cultural traditions including dressing conservatively. Women are instructed to show respect by wearing bursas, which covered their face and body. The role of women is to cook and care for their families, â€Å"We'd [women] be expected to cook and serve our brothers and fathers.While boys and men could roam freely about town, my mother and I could not go out without a male relative to accompany us, even if it was a five-year-old boy! This was the tradition† (26). Mall is a smart girl who had correct morals and beliefs. Her two priorities are religion and education. Mall does not agree with Taliban laws, including the emphasis of education only available f or men. Mammal's father, too, believes that such a thing was wrong. Her father and the holy Quern support her to stick up for what she believed in.She speaks on behalf of the community and those ho were afraid to speak up, â€Å"The more interviews I gave, the stronger I felt and more support we received† (141). This courage leads her to win the Noble Peace Prize. Written in her perspective, Mall uses many of her own experiences throughout the novel. â€Å"She [Amoeba] always says, ‘l have four brothers, and if I do even the slightest thing wrong they can stop me from going to school† (77). Mall explains both the history of women oppression and her own personal experiences to depict the horrible conditions in Pakistan.II. Vocabulary in Context Charisma: compelling charm that can inspire devotion in others; â€Å"Even today people elk of Mr.. Bout as a man of great charisma† (20). This word attracted me because it is in 100 Words to Make You Sound Smart. It promotes Mr.. Bathtub's character. Chapatti: unleavened flattered made from flour and water; â€Å"My mother made our usual breakfast of sugary tea, chapattis, and fried egg† (118). This word attracted me because I was unfamiliar with it. It describes the food Mammal's culture ate on a normal day.Martyr: a person who is killed because of their religious beliefs; â€Å"Some of the girls refused, saying that their teachers had taught them that to become a martyr s a glorious thing† (66). This word attracted me because I was unfamiliar with it. It encourages religion as the number one priority in their culture. Unexamined: Islamic soldiers; â€Å"The unexamined will find you wherever you go' (105). I chose this word because it is an Urdu term. It describes the threat to Mammal's father, telling him to shut down his school.Blasphemous: profound; â€Å"Muslims widely considered it blasphemous and it provoked so much outrage that it seemed people were talking of little el se† (27). I chose this word because it reminded me of ‘lurid' from 100 Words to Make You Sound Smart. It describes how angry Muslims were about the book published that was considered a parody of the Prophet's life. Burma: a long garment that covers everything from head to toe that Muslim women wear in public; â€Å"Wearing a Burma is like walking inside big fabric shuttlecock with only a grille to see through and on hot days it's like an oven† (37).This word attracted me because it was surrounded by similes. It describes the clothing women had to wear, supporting the idea that women do not have it easy. Aba: affectionate Urdu term meaning â€Å"father†; â€Å"Aba, I am confused. ‘ I told my father† (101). This word attracted me because ABA means father in Hebrew, too. This word describes how Mall was bilingual as sometimes she refers to her father in Urdu. Barbaric: exceedingly brutal; â€Å"If anything the Taliban became even more barbaricâ⠂¬  (86). This word attracted me because my brother used to use it frequently in his vocabulary.This word describes how cruel and powerful the Taliban became. Commiserated: express sympathy or pity; â€Å"When I was born, people in our village commiserated with my mother and nobody congratulated my father† (1). This word attracted me because I was unfamiliar with it. It describes the tragedy that it was to be a girl at the time. Autonomous: having self- government; â€Å"†¦ We went with the newly created Pakistan but stayed autonomous† (13). This word attracted me because I was unfamiliar with it.It is used to describe the independence once Britain divided from India. Ill. Writers' reflection: Throughout the novel, despite all of her misfortunes, Mall manages to keep a strong and optimistic attitude. Even in the hospital while she was struggling to survive, Mall does not want to seek revenge on the people that hurt her, â€Å"I didn't even think a single bad tho ught about the man who shot me-?I had no thoughts of revenge-?I Just wanted to go back to Swat. I wanted to go home† (282). This quotation shows how Mall never had bad intentions.She believes that if one takes revenge for wrongdoings done to them, the fighting would go on and on, â€Å"There is no time limit† (39). Mammal's writing is consistent in that she effectively delivered personal and emotional stories. She uses figurative language including imagery and similes to create a picture in readers' minds to help them further understand her perspective, Our words were like the eucalyptus blossoms of spring tossed away on the wind† (142). This quotation explains how her voice was not heard right away.It took time and effort, and so will most things people speak up for. She teaches readers not to give up on what matters to them. She uses a metaphor to describe the relationship between her and her father . â€Å"†¦ L was his universe† (246). Together, the y worked to get their voices heard. The diction throughout the novel is mostly informal. However, towards the end when she wins the award and meets highly respected officials, her beech becomes more formal, â€Å"l will request you all, and I will request that if you can help us in our education, so please help us† (184).Overall, I enjoyed Houseboat's story. I think that she shared many important lessons. Reading the book in her perspective opened my eyes and made me grateful to have as much freedom as I do. It amazes me that I am the same age as Mall, for she has accomplished so much in her life. Mall Yugoslavia is an inspiration to me and an inspiration to all.

Martinez Company Essay

Introduction Martinez Company is introducing a new product that may be manufactured by using either one of two methods, capital intensive, or labor intensive method. For the capital intensive method, the manufacturing costs per unit are; direct material at $5.00, direct labor at $6.00, variable overhead costs at $3.00 and fixed manufacturing costs at $2,508,000 for the period. For the labor intensive method costs per unit are; direct materials at $5.50, direct labor at $8.00, variable overhead costs at $4.50 and fixed manufacturing costs at $1,538,000 for the period. The research department of Martinez Company recommended an introductory unit sales price of $30. The selling expenses are approximately $502, 000 annually in addition to $2 for each unit sold regardless of the manufacturing method used. The second part of the research is to determine how many units the company will have to sell annually for both methods to be equal. To determine this number the company will need to calculate the indifference point. The calculation is the total fixed cost of both methods is subtracted and then  divided by the contribution margin per unit for each method. Indifference point = (3,010,000-2,040,000)/(14-10) = 242,500. So the company would have to sell 242,500 units for both methods to be equally profitable. This is good information because based on the manufacturing cost of each production method the company will have to sell a specific number of units to maximize profitability. Based on this number the company will select each method in accordance with the projected number of units to be sold. Capital-Intensive Manufacturing vs. Labor-Intensive Manufacturing In the future, the Martinez Company will need to use either capital-intensive or labor intensive method for production. Capital intensive manufacturing method focuses on a high level of capital investment, while labor intensive focuses on a high level of labor investment. Capital intensive manufacturing method is mostly used on a large scale production with automated processes. Labor intensive method is mostly likely used on smaller scale production with personalized products. The capital manufacturing method is also based on whether the organization is producing a standardized product or an exclusive product. The labor intensive manufacturing method should be used when a substantial amount of customer interaction is needed. Capital intensive manufacturing method can be used when the work is too dangerous for employees. With labor intensive manufacturing method there are lower fixed costs and higher variable costs. With the capital intensive manufacturing method there are higher fixed costs and variable costs. In this case, the capital intensive method would be the preferred choice if the sales are expected to be higher than the indifference number of $242,500. Capital intensive manufacturing method limits competition by serving as a barrier to entry and as a capital intensive business, the Martinez Corporation can benefit from this. Barriers to entry are obstacles that prevent new companies to function in capital-intensive industries. Capital intensive manufacturing minimizes human error resulting in a more effective and efficient productivity. Another great advantage with capital intensive manufacturing method is the minimal labor impact.

The Downfall of MacBeth Essays

The Downfall of MacBeth Essays The Downfall of MacBeth Essay The Downfall of MacBeth Essay The Downfall of MacBeth BY Kill_em123 MacBeth, Lady MacBeth, and the three witches are all to blame for the tragedy of MacBeth. Lady Macbeth is to blame through her convincing of Macbeth, MacBeth for following his ambition instead of his conscience, and the witches for putting the idea of being king into Macbeths head. Let not light see my black deep desires. (l, i, 51) Lady MacBeth is to blame for the tragedy because she convinces manipulates MacBeth into killing Duncan. She does this by insulting his manhood, to which MacBeth takes great offense to. She does this to feed her hunger for power, all the while she knows that she has the ability to control MacBeth through her words. Also, she knows hed let her have some control and be queen. This illustrates Lay MacBeths motives to lead MacBeth to his eventual downfall. miet do I fear thy nature; it is too full of the milk of human kindness to catch the nearest way. (l, v, 16-18) MacBeth is also to blame in how the play turned out. This is because if he wasnt so ambitions and narrow minded, things might have ended differently. MacBeth howed concern for the killing of Duncan, and at one point states that he would Proceed no further in this business (l, vii, 31). However, his ambition gets the better part of him, and makes him directly responsible for what happens after he murders Duncan. Without him seeing the ghost of Banquo, there would have been minimal suspicion in his involvement in the murder. Without the three witches intervention, the idea to murder King Duncan wouldnt have crossed MacBeths mind. The witches tell MacBeth that he will be king, and that is how he ultimately comes up with the idea to murder Duncan. This thought, however, ultimately leads to MacBeths demise. The three witches accounted three prophecies of MacBeth: That he would be Thane of Cawdor (the last one was executed), the Thane of Glamis (Which he already was), and finally to be king of Scotland. Fair is foul, and foul is fair. (l, i, 2). In conclusion, without Lady MacBeth convincing him, the three witches putting the idea in his head, and MacBeth actually acting out, and murdering or hiring people to murder others, the tragedy wouldnt have happened. With this happening, the play wouldVe changed dramatically and ended differently.

Research Proposal on Inhalants and Children

Research Proposal on Inhalants and Children Research Proposal on Inhalants and Children SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION This paper contains a proposal on the research about the inhalants usage and its problem and how it affects children. The research question to be answered is why are children the most vulnerable group because they are the most affected by the usage of the inhalants? In many societies inhalants have been affecting the young children and not the old people in the society. There are many reasons as to why the children engage in the usage of the inhalants. These reasons can be defined through many ways. Inhalants are commonly used by the teens that later graduate and begin using other forms of hard drugs in the society. The reason is because they are readily available in the societies. THE LITERATURE REVIEW The research paper should be based on the analysis of different societies and why they engage in the usage of the inhalants. There are different numbers of products which are used at home and in the social settings which are commonly known as the inhalants. These products affect thinking capacities of the children and their social lives in the real sense. Most of the inhalants which are used today entail of products which are used on daily basis such as the paints, glue, fluid used for cooking, butane, gasoline, shoe polish and aerosols. These are the products which are readily found in the homes and which affect the social lives of the children. As a matter of fact, the children abuse the inhalants without the knowledge that these drugs have an effect in their lives. The literature review should also be able to cover the predisposing factors which lead the young children to abuse the drugs. Some of the reasons why the young children engage in the usage of the drugs include the peer pressure in their homes, influence from parents who abuse other types of drugs and also stress. These factors should be covered in the research paper and also be analyzed in a sequential manner so as to enhance the education of the drug involvement by the young children. As a matter of fact, inhalant abuse has social, cultures and spiritual impact to the users. The users are generally the children and they are later affected in their lives. Therefore, the parents have the mandate to educate their children so as to prevent them from engaging in life threatening activities. It is also a matter of general concern to the rest of the society. SPECIFIC POSITION The specific position of the research should be geared towards helping the children to understand that drugs are not important part of their social lives. The paper should also contain measures which are meant to ensure that the children have been deterred from the usage of the drugs. Some of the measures which are mentioned include the ability to be educated by their parents at homes and both in their schools. Risk factors which lead the children to abuse the inhalants should also be mentioned in this section. This is because risk factors contribute a lot in affection of the social and the long term usage of the inhalants. CONCLUSION The conclusion part should contain the general summary of the paper in terms of the negative impact of the drug usage. It is a common knowledge that the usage of the inhalants affects the normal behavior of a person and also extends to their health. This should be taught to the children so as to prevent them from being engaged in the usage of the inhalants. Inhalant abuse can expose a person to several complications which include interference to ones social wellbeing. One loses family and friends as they begin to indulge into inhalant abuse. This should also be prevented so as to protect the children from using the drugs. To sum up, the position of the researcher on inhalant abuse should also be highlighted in this part. SECTION TWO In this section of the research paper, the literature review on the usage of the inhalants shall be analyzed in a deeper context. There are three subheadings which shall be covered in this section; one of the headings is the characteristics of the abusers, their dependency and the patterns in which the children use to abuse the inhalants in the society. In order to write this information several articles have been summarized to come up with a logical conclusion. This enhances the general view of the inhalant usage in the society. Most of the findings in the research paper will come to a logical conclusion that if inhalant usage has been tamed at an early stage, it can be prevented and this will ensure that there is a society which is free from the inhalant abuse and usage in the society. USAGE PATTERNS There are many ways and patterns which are used by young children so as to get engaged in the usage of the inhalants. Some of the patterns include the usage of the inhalants in the social situations. These social situations include the peer influence between the ages of 6 to 14. Nevertheless, transient isolated use is another pattern which is used by the children who have a history in drug abuse. In particular, parents who have a history in the usage of drugs and tobacco, greatly influence the children to start using the inhalants. The teenage stage is the chronic stage where the children engage themselves in the usage of the inhalants. They should thus be prevented from using the drugs at an early stage because this leads to the exposure of more dangers. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ABUSERS There are many signs and symptoms which are often used to test whether a person uses an inhalant or not. Some of the characteristics which are portrayed by all the inhalant users include the foul smell caused by the usage of different chemicals. Secondly, this often affects the mouth and other critical body parts. Parents should also be careful when handling the cases of their children because signs such as loss of appetite, anxiety and development of stress are a sign that the children have engaged themselves deeper into the inhalant usage. In summation, the dependency of the children to get the drugs should also be covered. Due to the basic fact that inhalants are found at home, they are often free. This is because children can have an easy access to them and thus use them without their parent’s knowledge. In addition, children often get the inhalants from their parents and their friends. Children should be deterred from the usage of the drugs so as to ensure that they are safe. This also answers the basic question why are the children the most vulnerable group. The reason is simple, they usually get the drugs freely. If you need a custom research proposal on Inhalants and Children feel free to get help with writing a research proposal for PhD or Masters paper from our highly qualified academic writers.

Fairy tale story Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fairy tale story - Essay Example The story then moves on to narrate how Ali Baba was fortunate to find the secrets of forty thieves and their treasure store. As he was watching the forty thieves opening and closing a cave sealed by magic, Ali Baba was successful in gaining the secret codes to get access to the treasure is in the cave. Thus, Ali Baba managed to enter the secret cave with the words â€Å"Open Sesame† and found out rich bales of merchandise such as silk, stuff-brocades, gold and silver, and money in leather purses. He took hold of as many bags of gold as he could and closed the door behind him by saying â€Å"Close, Sesame†. Thus, the beginning section of the story recounts how Ali Baba got hold of immense wealth which he brought home to his wife. In the course of the fairy tale, Ali Baba’s sister-in-law and Cassim comes to know about the enormous treasure that Ali Baba got from the secret cave of the thieves. He is forced to reveal his secrets to his rich and greedy brother, who g oes to the forest to get hold of the secret treasures of the thieves. However, due to the excitement and greed of finding treasure inside the cave after he enters it, Cassim forgets the magic words to get out from the cave. Thus, he is found inside the cave by the thieves who kill him, and Ali Baba plans to present to the villagers the death of his brother as a natural one.

Claude Monet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Claude Monet - Essay Example I find three main ideas behind this painting. And at the same time I find a unifying element behind those ideas. The three ideas are Life, Harmony and Infinite. The unifying element is Light. First, let's take a look at the three main ideas. Life is represented by the presence of the green color of Nature in most of the surface of the canvas. Indeed, green is almost everywhere. The freehand drawing of Monet gives life to this painting in its thick texture. Green is the main color in different shades. This picture is full of life. There is no way to escape life when we look at this canvas. Life is energy, movement, invigorating power. We find life in the powerful presence of the green color. Nature is synonym of Life. Life becomes Nature, and Nature gives new meanings to this canvas full of vibrating energy. The fresh greens of the foliage take our mind to a journey of summer at its very beginning. But this is a glorious summer. Nature is thus joyous bursting out its greens in great abundance. Green is exuberant in this painting, and it undeniably gives the idea of Life. Harmony gives coherence to the entire picture before our eyes. The shades of green, violet and yellow are intertwined in a harmonious spectrum of light. The arc of the Japanese bridge seems to be floating on top of the trees in a harmonious way. We only see the arc of the bridge, but it seems to be in the right place among the surrounding trees. The waterfalls and the banks of the pond full of lilies give the idea of unity among them. There is also harmony in the musical sense as the whole picture seems to be a real symphony of colors, lines, texture and shapes. It is a symphony in green, but it is also a symphony in which the presence of Nature itself is singing a song of joy, a song of glorious exuberance. We feel a sense of Infinite when we quietly take a look at this painting by Claude Monet. Even though he was losing his sight, it seems that he painted by memory. His quick, sudden strokes invade the entire painting, and the final product is a picture where we feel the immensity of space in a limited surface. It feels to be immense from the spatial point of view. From the symbolic point of view, we can decode the meaning of the arc of the bridge. A bridge represents a transition. A transition from one form of life to another. So we can see that the transition is from this limited life to an infinite life. The symbol of the bridge is related to time, not space. But looking straight at the painting the spectator feels like he is looking at the Infinite. This is due to the mastery of Monet's brushstroke regarding the representation of space in the painting. The common thread in these three ideas is Light. Monet treats light in a distinct way. Rather than painting the objects the way he sees them, Monet paints the light that those objects actually reflect. This is an impressionist position that Monet takes advantage of in this canvas. Life, Harmony and Infinite are represented by Monet with his personal touch. The thick texture and the sudden stroke are accomplished through a scrawling drawing. The final product seems to be a little blurred, and this effect is also due to the fact that Monet doesn't paint the shadows of the objects. So there is light all over the canvas. It is a luminous approach to the objects on the

Blood wedding (after seeing the play) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Blood wedding (after seeing the play) - Essay Example desires, the moon’s movements, in contrast is rather limited and passive, and it makes the bride seem to represent the woman who finally refuses to be oppressed by a traditional marriage, while the moon seems to represent a woman who is stuck in the usual suppressed life dictated by the traditional norms of a typical wife.This essay will attempt to elaborate upon this contrast in these two characters and how these were exemplified through the spatial dynamics. First, from the contrast in the extent of movement around the stage, the bride seems to represent a free woman who pursues what she wants, while the moon is still a suppressed woman. The bride’s movement around the stage seems to be free, fast and strong. Specifically, her distance from the bridegroom and Leonardo are contrasted intentionally. In the beginning of the play, the bride tries to accept her fate marrying the bridegroom and tries to be away from Leonardo. However, as the play proceeds, the bride desires to follow her heart start dominating and she chooses Leonardo. The state of the bride’s mind was strongly reflected in the differet distances she maintains from the two men in her life. Whenever she tries to keep away from either of the men, she quickly runs away as the man approaches and even aggressively shakes off their physical contact and keeps distance at times. For instance, in the beginning of the wedding the bride tries to control her true desire and thus maintains a significant distance from Leonardo but although her true feelins are revealed in the glances she throws at him as well as often spaced out thinking of him throughout wedding. Eventually, by the end of her wedding reception, she chooses to follow her heart and runs away with Leonardo. In contrast to the Brides dynamism, the moon, which appears in the woods scene has very static and limited body movement and further, uses only so much of the stage-space. The fact that the role of the Moon is played by the same actor who

Disney and Pixar: Partnership Agreement

Disney and Pixar: Partnership Agreement Introduction In January 2006, the US based media and entertainment company Walt Disney announced that it would acquire its animation partner Pixar for US$ 7.4 billion in stock. The deal was expected to be finalized by mid-2006. Disney had already been in partnership for producing and distributing animation films with Pixar since 1991. However, in January 2004, owing to differences with Disneys then CEO Michael Eisner, Pixar had announced that it would partner with another distribution company in 2006. But Robert Iger, who took over from Eisner on September 30, 2005, revived talks with Pixar and finally succeeded in acquiring it. Our project will examine the partnership agreement between Disney and Pixar and the incidents that led to the break-up of ties. We will discuss how the new CEO Robert Iger, who succeeded Michael Eisner, went on to re-establish ties with Pixar and Steve Jobs, who held 50.6% equity stake in Pixar. The questions we seek to answer through this case are: 1. Is there a synergy between Disney and Pixar? 2. Did Disney pay too much to acquire Pixar? 3. Is the Pixar acquisition in the best interest of Disneys shareholders? 4. Will the difference in corporate culture allow Disney and Pixar to work effectively together? 5. Will this acquisition be successful? History The Disney Story Walt Disney Animation Studios is the subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company. It was founded in 1934 when Walt Disney initiated the production of Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, which was Walt Disneys first feature length animation film. The move however started in 1937, when selected animators from the ‘shorts division were moved into the features division. Snow White was an unprecedented success when it was released in February 1938. It moved critics and audiences alike and is considered one of the true animation classics of all times. After, the viability of feature length animation was firmly established with the success of Snow White, WDAS would go on to make a series of critically acclaimed and successful animated features like Dumbo, Cinderella. They would also expand into new segments like live action features, television and theme parks. Since its founders death in 1966, The Walt Disney Company had narrowly survived takeover attempts by corporate raiders. Its shareholders Sid Bass and Roy E. Disney brought on Michael Eisner and former Warner Brothers chief Frank Wells to replace Ron W. Miller in 1984 and turn the company around. During the second half of the 1980s and early 1990s, Disney revitalized. Beginning with The Little Mermaid (1989), its flagship animation studio enjoyed a series of commercial and critical successes that helped reinvigorate the American animation industry. Disney also broadened its adult offerings in film when then Disney Studio Chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg acquired Miramax Films in 1993. Disney acquired many other media sources, including ABC and ESPN. However, by this time, the competitive scenario changed again. Many new studios had risen up and were producing high quality animated features. Also there was significant tiredness and indifference from the audience who had had enough of Disneys storytelling and animation styles. The rise of new studios also increased demand for artists and stencillers, driving salaries up, causing the budgets of hand drawn animation features to inflate. The rise of Computer Generated Imagery (CGI) was also eating into Disneys market share. Starting from 2000 onwards, massive layoffs had reduced staff to 600. Also the Studio decided to focus on CGI animation for future releases instead of the traditional animation methods to compete with Pixar, Dreamworks and Blue Sky Studios. This led to the shutdown of the Paris Studio in 2003 and the conversion of the Orlando Studio into a theme park attraction in 2004. Michael Eisner Story In 1976, the Chairman of Paramount Pictures, recruited Michael Eisner from ABC and made him president and CEO of the movie studio. During his tenure at Paramount, the studio turned out such hit films as Saturday Night Fever, Grease, the Star Trek film franchise, and Beverly Hills Cop, and hit TV shows such as Happy Days, Laverne Shirley, Cheers and Family Ties. Diller, the Chairman of Paramount, left in 1984, and Eisner expected to assume Dillers position as studio chief. But he was passed over. Eisner then lobbied for the position of CEO of The Walt Disney Company. Michael Eisner took over as CEO of the Walt Disney Company in 1984 and turned it into a media giant whose interests included movies, sports franchises, theme parks and television networks. During the early part of the 1990s, Eisner and his partners set out to plan The Disney Decade which was to feature new parks around the world, existing park expansions, new films, and new media investments. While some of the proposals did follow through, most did not. These included the Euro Disney Resort (now Disneyland Paris), Disney-MGM Studios (now Disneys Hollywood Studios), Disneys California Adventure Park, Disney-MGM Studios Paris (eventually opened in 2002 as Walt Disney Studios Park), and various film projects Frank Wells, COO of Walt Disney. died in a helicopter crash in 1994. When Jeffery Katzenberg was passed over for Wells post, he resigned and formed Dreamworks SKG with partners Steven Spielberg and David Geffen. Dreamworks would go on to become one of the biggest and most successful movie studios of all time and a big competitor to Disneys animation features. Instead, Eisner appointed Michael Ovitz, one of the founders of the Creative Artists Agency, to be President, with minimal involvement from Disneys board of directors, which included many influential and respected members. Ovitz lasted only 14 months and left Disney in December 1996 via a no fault termination with a severance package of $38 million in cash and 3 million stock options worth roughly $100 million at the time of Ovitzs departure. The Ovitz episode left a bad taste in the mouth and people were very disappointed with Eisners high handedness and autocratic style of working. By 2003, Disneys fortunes had flagged and Roy E. Disney, the son of Disney co-founder Roy O. Disney and nephew of Walt Disney, resigned from his positions as Disney vice chairman and chairman of Walt Disney Feature Animation, accusing Eisner of micromanagement, flops with the ABC television network, timidity in the theme park business, turning the Walt Disney Company into a rapacious, soul-less company, and refusing to establish a clear succession plan, as well as a string of box-office movie flops starting in the year 2000. On March 3, 2004, at Disneys annual shareholders meeting, a surprising and unprecedented 43% of Disneys shareholders, predominantly rallied by former board members Roy Disney and Stanley Gold, withheld their proxies to re-elect Eisner to the board. This effectively ended Eisners stint at Disney. On March 13, 2005, Eisner announced that he would step down as CEO one year before his contract expired. Eisners replacement was his longtime assistant, Robert Iger. The Pixar Story Pixar started in 1979 as the Graphics Group, a part of the Computer Division of Lucasfilm.It is based in Emeryville, California. It was launched with the hiring of Dr. Ed Catmull from the New York Institute of Technology (NYIT), where he was in charge of the Computer Graphics Lab (CGL).. The team at Pixar under Dr. Catmull worked on creating Motion Doctor, which allowed traditional cel animators to use computer animation with minimal training. Initially, Pixar started off as a computer hardware company whose core product was the Pixar Image Computer, a system primarily sold to government agencies and the medical community. One of Pixar Image Computers biggest customers was Disney Studios. However, The Image Computer never sold well. In a bid to drive sales of the system, Pixar employee John Lasseter—who had long been creating short demonstration animations, such as Luxo Jr., to show off the devices capabilities—premiered his creations at SIGGRAPH, the computer graphics industrys largest convention, to great fanfare. This would begin Pixars journey into the world of animated feature films. Poor sales of Pixars computers threatened to bankrupt the company, And Lasseters animation department began producing computer-animated commercials for outside companies to bring in much needed revenue. Early successes included campaigns for Tropicana, Listerine, and LifeSavers. The team began working on film sequences produced by their parent, Lucasfilm or worked collectively with Industrial Light and Magic, ILM is another Lucasfilm company, on special effects. In 1986, Steve Jobs purchased Pixar from Lucas Films shortly after he left Apple Computer. Jobs paid $10 million as capital into the company. The newly independent company had 45 employees and was headed by Dr. Edwin Catmull, President, and Dr. Alvy Ray Smith, Executive Vice President and Director. Jobs served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Pixar. Pixar has made 10 feature films beginning with Toy Story in 1995 and each one has achieved critical and commercial success. Pixar followed Toy Story with A Bugs Life in 1998, Toy Story 2 in 1999, Monsters, Inc. in 2001, Finding Nemo in 2003 (which is, to date, the most commercially successful Pixar film, grossing over $800 million worldwide), The Incredibles in 2004, Cars in 2006, Ratatouille in 2007, WALL-E in 2008, and Up in 2009 (the first Pixar film presented in Disney Digital 3-D). John Lasseter Story Lasseter was born in Hollywood, California. When he was in college., he heard of a new program at California Institute of the Arts and decided to leave his current college to follow his dream of becoming an animator.. Lasseter was taught by three members of Disneys Nine Old Men Eric Larson, Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston. On graduation in 1978 , Lasseter joined The Walt Disney Company, as a Jungle Cruise skipper at Disneyland in Anaheim. He later obtained a job as an animator at Walt Disney Feature Animation, Since the release of 101 Dalmatians in 1961, Lasseter felt WDFA had hit its creative peak and there was no innovation coming through in either the animation or the storytelling. In 1980 or 1981 he came across some video tapes from one of the then new computer-graphics conferences, and he experienced as a revelation.He saw the huge potential of this new technology in revitalizing the creative juices at WDFA. Lasseter realized that computers could be used to make movies with three dimensional backgrounds where traditionally animated characters could interact to add a new, visually stunning depth that had not been conceived before. During this time, Lasseter tried to sell his ideas to Disneys top bosses and he got the approval to do a short test film on the famous story Where the Wild things are. However,he unknowingly stepped on some of their direct superiors toes by circumventing them in their enthusiasm to get the project into motion. One of them, the animation administrator Ed Hansen disliked it so much that when Lasseter and Wilhite tried to sell the idea to him and Ron Miller, which they at that time were already aware of, they turned it down. A few minutes after the meeting, Lasseter was summoned by Hansen to his office, where John was told that his employment in the Walt Disney Studios had been terminated. While putting together a crew for the planned feature for Disney, he had made some contacts in the computer industry, among them Alvy Ray Smith and Ed Catmull at Lucasfilm Computer Graphics Group. After being fired, Lasseter visited a computer graphics conference at the Queen Mary in Long Beach, where he met and talked to Catmull again. Before the day was over, Lasseter had made a deal to work as an interface designer with Catmull and his colleagues on a project that resulted in their first computer animated short: The Adventures of Andrà © and Wally B. Lasseter oversaw all of Pixars films and associated projects as executive producer. He also personally directed Toy Story, A Bugs Life, Toy Story 2, and Cars. Lasseter has won two Academy Awards, for Animated Short Film (Tin Toy), as well as a Special Achievement Award (Toy Story). He was also nominated on four other occasions in the category of Animated Feature, for both Cars (2006) and Monsters, Inc. (2001), in the Original Screenplay category for Toy Story (1995) and in the Animated Short category for Luxo, Jr. (1986), while the short Knick Knack (1989) was selected by Director Terry Gilliam as one of the ten best animated films of all time. Corporate Culture at Pixar At most studios, a specialized development department generated new movie ideas. Pixar assembles cross-company teams for this purpose. Teams comprise directors, writers, artists and storyboard people who originate and refine ideas until they have the potential to become great films. Pixar believes in finding people who will work effectively together and ensures a healthy social dynamics in the team and this, they believe helps the team solve problems. Another important tenet in Pixar is the creation of a peer culture, where employees encourage people throughout the company to help each other produce their best work. At Pixar, daily animation work is shown in an incomplete state to the whole crew. This process helps people get over any embarrassment about sharing unfinished work, so they become even more creative. It enables creative leads to communicate important points to the entire crew at once. And sometimes a innovative piece of animation sparks others to raise their game. At Pixar, the belief is that, the most efficient way to resolve the numerous problems that arise in any complex project is to trust people to address difficulties directly, without having to get permission. So, everyone is given permission to communicate to anyone. Within Pixar, members of any department can approach anyone in another department to solve problems without having to go through proper channels. Managers understand they dont always have to be the first to know about something going on in their realm, and that its okay to walk into a meeting and be surprised. Special attention is given to craft a learning environment, this reinforces the mindset that everyone is learning and that its fun to learn together. â€Å"Pixar University† trains people in multiple skills as they advance in their careers. It also offers optional courses (screenplay writing, drawing, sculpting) so people from different disciplines can interact and appreciate what each other does. While many people dislike Post-Mortems of projects as they would rather discuss what went right than what went wrong and after investing extensive time on a project, theyd like to move on. So post-mortems at Pixar are structured to stimulate discussion. Pixar asks post mortem participants to list the top five things theyd do again and the top five things they wouldnt do. The positive-negative balance makes it a safer environment to explore every aspect of the project. Participants also bring in lots of performance data including metrics such as how often something had to be reworked. Data further stimulates discussions and challenges assumptions based on subjective impressions. Corporate Culture at Disney Under autocratic former CEO Michael Eisner, control rather than collaboration was the norm and unit heads became afraid or unable to make decisions. With Disney vying for a share of digital market, the timing of the upheaval could hardly have been worse. Fortunately, new chief executive Bob Iger is a completely different animal to Eisner and immediately set out to restore harmony. Achieving this involved transforming the culture rules almost beyond recognition. Unlike his predecessor, Iger: * Rules by consensus * Shows faith in his subordinates * And is willing to keep a low profile and let others take the plaudits. No longer shackled by central control, key players in the organization now enjoy greater freedom to call the shots. And while Eisner overtly pooh-poohed any ideas he did not like, Iger values and encourages the contributions of others. Consequently, during weekly meetings the dialogue no longer flows just one way. The CEO visits rank and file to show them that their efforts are appreciated and has made his office a more welcoming place. This might seems as trivial gestures to some but the effect on morale can be priceless. But perhaps Igers most significant attribute is the trust he places in his people to get the job done. In contrast, Eisner cramped the style of others by insisting on being involved in anything and everything. In time, Disney gained a reputation of being slow to react. But Iger tells his people to go for it and will only get involved when it is absolutely necessary. Igers back seat style of leadership has allowed scriptwriters more freedom and the studio chief greater decision making power. Disney and Pixar: The Partnership During the 90s there was an explosive growth in the use of CGI in animation and live action feature films. Soon CGI animation came to dominate special effects in both kinds of features. The barrier between animation and special effects were shattered and the enhancement of Hollywood films using CGI became second nature and often went unnoticed. In 1991, due to losses suffered from their computer hardware business, there was serious financial strife at Pixar. This resulted in substantial layoffs in their computer department. Pixar made a $26 million deal with Disney to produce three computer-animated feature films, the first of which was Toy Story. Despite this, the company was losing money and Steve Jobs was thinking about divesting his shares in Pixar. Only after confirming that Disney would distribute Toy Story for the 1995 holiday season did he decide to give it another chance. The film went on to gross more than $350 million worldwide. Disagreements started to crop up between Disney and Pixar from their next project together, Toy Story 2. Originally intended as a straight-to-video release (and thus not part of Pixars three-picture deal), the film was eventually upgraded to a theatrical release during production. Disney refused to consider this feature film as part of the three picture deal as demanded by Pixar. Pixars first five feature films have collectively grossed more than $2.5 billion, equivalent to the highest per-film average gross in the industry. Though profitable for both, Pixar later complained that the arrangement was not equitable. While Pixar was created and produced, and Disney only handled marketing and distribution, Profits and production costs were being split 50-50, and not only that, Disney exclusively owned all story and sequel rights and also collected a distribution fee. The lack of story and sequel rights was perhaps the most onerous aspect to Pixar and set the stage for a contentious relat ionship. The two companies attempted to reach a new agreement in early 2004. The new deal would be only for distribution, as Pixar intended to control production and own the resulting film properties themselves. The company also wanted to finance their films on their own and collect 100 percent of the profits, paying Disney only the 10 to 15 percent distribution fee. More importantly, as part of any distribution agreement with Disney, Pixar demanded control over films already in production under their old agreement, including The Incredibles and Cars. Disney considered these conditions unacceptable, but Pixar would not concede. Disagreements between Steve Jobs and then Disney Chairman and CEO Michael Eisner made the negotiations more difficult than they otherwise might have been. They broke down completely in mid-2004, with Jobs declaring that Pixar was actively seeking partners other than Disney. Pixar did not enter negotiations with other distributors. After a lengthy hiatus, negotiations between the two companies resumed following the departure of Eisner from Disney in September 2005. In preparation for potential fallout between Pixar and Disney, Jobs announced in late 2004 that Pixar would no longer release movies at the Disney-dictated November time frame, but during the more lucrative early summer months. This would also allow Pixar to release DVDs for their major releases during the Christmas shopping season. An added benefit of delaying Cars was to extend the time frame remaining on the Pixar-Disney contract to see how things would play out between the two companies. Acquisition by Disney Disney announced on January 24, 2006 that it had agreed to buy Pixar for approximately $7.4 billion in an all-stock deal. Following Pixar shareholder approval, the acquisition was completed May 5, 2006. The transaction catapulted Steve Jobs, who was the majority shareholder of Pixar with 50.1%, to Disneys largest individual shareholder with 7% and a new seat on its board of directors. Jobs new Disney holdings exceed holdings belonging to ex-CEO Michael Eisner, the previous top shareholder, who still held 1.7%; and Disney Director Emeritus Roy E. Disney, who held almost 1% of the corporations shares. As part of the deal, Pixar co-founder John Lasseter, by then Executive Vice President, became Chief Creative Officer (reporting to President and CEO Robert Iger and consulting with Disney Director Roy Disney) of both Pixar and the Walt Disney Animation Studios, as well as the Principal Creative Adviser at Walt Disney Imagineering, which designs and builds the companys theme parks. Catmull retained his position as President of Pixar, while also becoming President of Walt Disney Animation Studios, reporting to Bob Iger and Dick Cook, chairman of Walt Disney Studio Entertainment. Steve Jobs position as Pixars Chairman and Chief Executive Officer was also removed, and instead he took a place on the Disney board of directors. Lasseter and Catmulls oversight of both the Disney and Pixar studios did not mean that the two studios were merging, however. In fact, additional conditions were laid out as part of the deal to ensure that Pixar remained a separate entity, a concern that analysts had had about the Disney deal.Some of those conditions were that Pixar HR policies would remain intact, including the lack of employment contracts. Also, the Pixar name was guaranteed to continue, and the studio would remain in its current Emeryville, California location with the Pixar sign. Finally, branding of films made post-merger would be Disney†¢Pixar (beginning with Cars). EXHIBITS Name of Feature Film Studio Total Gross 1 The Lion King(1994) Disney $783,841,776 2 Finding Nemo(2004) Disney/Pixar $864,625,978 3 Shrek(2001) Dreamworks $484,409,218 4 Monsters Inc(2001) Disney/Pixar $525,366,597 5 Toy Story 2(1999) Disney/Pixar $485,752,179 6 Aladdin(1992) Disney $504,050,219 7 Snow White(1937) Disney $184,925,486 8 Ice Age(2002) 20th Century Fox $383,257,136 9 Incredibles(2004) Pixar $631,442,092 10 The Little Mermaid(1989) Disney $183,355,863 Exhibit 1 : Top Grossing Animated Feature Films DIS 1-yr chart Exhibit 2 Disney Stock Price from Aug 06 to Jun 07 We start off our analysis using Porters Five Forces of Competition to understand Disneys situation in the industry and the rationale behind its actions. * Threat of New Entrants * Bargaining Power of Suppliers * Bargaining Power of Buyers * Threat of Substitutes * Rivalry among competing firms Threat of new entrants: CGI animation movie industry is a robust industry which is urdergoing a period of phenomenal growth. This is an attractive segment for movie studios to venture into as revenues from live action movies are falling while their budget rises ever higher. CGI animation movies are an interesting option for many movie studio to increase their toplines without hurting their bottomlines. In this regard, we have seen many established movie studios partner with independent animation studios from within and outside the United States in creating CGI animation movies. While, these movies have not been able to garner the critical or commercial acclaim of that of Pixar, the quality and quantity of such ‘outsourced CGI animation movies are increasing YoY and represent a significant threat to the market pull of existing players in the segment. So we would rate the threat of new entrants as high. Bargaining Power of Suppliers: Resources needed for making CGI animation are the technology behind the animation, the story and the animators. Pixar has been a pioneer in creating the technology for animation and with its acquisition, Disney has backward integrated with its supplier, hence reducing the uncertainty in its environment. Both Disney and Pixar have a large team of dedicated scriptwriters and animators, all of whom work under short or long term employment contracts, the loss of a few of the talent will not reduce the quality of the output of either Studios. However, scriptwriters in US are unionized and have in the past gone on strike against major studios to renegotiate revenue sharing agreements from movie revenue. The strike cost studios hundreds of millions of dollars in lost opportunities, movie shooting delays and cost overruns. So the employees cannot be taken for granted and Disney will have to strike a fine balancing act to please both it employees and shareholder s if it wants to get the best work of the employees. We would rate the bargaining power of suppliers as medium. Bargaining Power of Buyers: While in the past, almost the entire revenue receipts from movies came from the theatergoing public within the US, due to the effects of globalization and technology diffusion, the receipts can now be classified on basis of geography and the mode of delivery of content. Worldwide movie market outside United States have become big movie spinners for Hollywood movies, sometimes receipts from offshore markets exceed that of the US market. The important markets outside of US for Hollywood movies are: * Japan * United Kingdom * China * Europe Studios sells distribution rights of their movie to other studios, who are often better placed to reach out to these markets. Since Disney and Pixar have a large brand following and pull, they are better placed that most other studios to negotiate for more favourable distribution contracts. Since all movies made by Pixar till now have been movie spinners for everyone associated with it, Disney has considerable clout in negotiating for contracts. The mode of delivery of movie content can be classified into: * Theatrical Release * DVD Release * Internet Release * Satellite TV Release Other than a theatrical release, the release of DVDs and the Satellite TV rights of the movie are a significant revenue stream. The reasons stated earlier regarding Disney and Pixars unique brand placement help them negotiate the best contracts in both types of releases. Internet release is a new phenomenon and is not a significant enough part of the revenue to affect the dynamics. Overall, we would rate the bargaining power of buyers to be low. Threat of Substitute Products: A big threat facing movie studios in general is movie piracy. Piracy is causing a meltdown in both movie and the music industry causing many studios to fail and others to change their business model. Piracy initially started off with CDs and DVDs, but with the advent and diffusion of broadband internet, online piracy is on the rise. Piracy since the 80s has been the biggest threat to the survival of movie studios as they lose billions of dollars worth of revenue receipts because of it. Since CGI movies appeal to all demographics, live action as well as traditional animated movies can be thought of as substitute products. However, historical data suggests that there is considerable cross selling between these genres and it is unlikely that somebodys interest in a different genre is going to prevent him from watching CGI movies. Overall, We would rate the threat of substitute products as medium. Intensity of Competition among existing players: The existing players in the segment are very aggressive and spend a lot on advertising and media to promote their movies. Further consolidation within the industry looks unlikely in the short term future as most studios in the segment have backers with deep pockets. Looking into the future as the frequency of CGI movie releases by major studios increases, the intensity of competition and one upmanship between studios will rise inflating budgets and reducing margins. So, we would rate the intensity of competition between existing players as high. We will summarize the competitive scenario in this grid. Threat of New Entrants High Bargaining Power of Suppliers Medium Bargaining Power of Buyers Low Threat of Substitutes Medium Rivalry among competing firms High As you can see, Disney is functioning within a dynamic environment with a fairly high degree of uncertainty. We have tried to analyze the reasons behind Disneys acquisition by breaking down the reasons of why companies go for MA. Given below is a pictorial representation of the same, Reason 1: To Increase Market Power When a firms size, resources and capabilities increase, it increases its ability to compete. With the acquisition of Pixar, Disney gains access to Pixars pool of talented artists and creative and technical teams. These artists and content developers are big assets in this industry as good talent is hard to find and harder to replace. With the increase in resources, Disney Pixar combine can create more movies per year potentially resulting in a significant value addition to Disney. Reason 2: Horizontal Acquisition Companies go in for acquisitions of firms competing in the same marketspace for obtaining: * Cost Based Synergies * Revenue Based Synergies This is an obvious case of the latter. Pixars last six movies have reportedly earned more than $ 2.5/3.2 billion in total whereas Disneys last movie Chicken Little was only a moderate success. Disney plans to exploit Pixars creative and technical teams in combination with its well established and huge distribution system to increase its revenue. Disney in recent years have been unable to connect with its audience and hence create movies that ha