Guide to Hackathon What, Why, How and Examples

Guide to Hackathon â€" What, Why, How and Examples Hackathons are somewhat informal gatherings of developers in a joined effort to produce quality results on a subject (if there is one). Their endeavors are mainly related to programming languages, improvement and management of operating system and creating original and awesome applications of all sorts while simultaneously interacting with peers and investors, broadening their network of associates which often results in startup formation or employment relation establishment. © Shutterstock.com | Dragon ImagesIn this article, we will present a general overview of the evolution of hackathons, their structure, and types. Moreover, we will discuss in which ways can hackathons be beneficial to entrepreneurs and guide you through a step-by-step guide to an organization of such events. Lastly, we will note some successful businesses that originated on hackathons. This will be done through sections 1) origins, 2) form and ambiance, 3) types of hackathons, 4) projects at hackathons, 5) hackathons for entrepreneurs and 6) successful ideas and projects which were formed at hackathons.ORIGINS OF HACKATHONThe term ‘hackathon’ is a so-called blend word consisting of words ‘hack’ and ‘marathon’. The ‘hack’ part refers to its slang meaning of program alteration but not to the illegal act of ‘hacking’. The ‘marathon’ part refers to the duration of the gatherings. Moreover, hackathons are also called hack days, hack fests or code fests. Although t he term was first used in 1999, the origins of gatherings focused on creating something new in the niche that is hosting them dates back to the 1970s programming groups. In this section, we will follow the timeline from that point in history in an effort to understand how and why hackathons came to be what they are now.1970s Hobbyist SocietiesIn 1975, an informal hobbyist society was formed â€" the Homebrew computer club. Objectives of their gatherings were to exchange technological knowledge and ideas, as well as collaborations on projects. Apple was, among other successful tech companies, founded in the Homebrew computer club. By the end of the 1970s, many such groups had been established across the United States.However, the instability in the programming industry â€" radical differentiation between over five of available operating systems â€" caused the disappearance of this kind of gatherings. Once IBM OS and Macintosh were the only two prevalent platforms from which the develo pers could choose in the late 1990s, the gatherings re-emerged, now in the form of hackathons.Formation of HackathonsThe first gathering of tech developers that was titled as a hackathon was the OpenBSD event in June 1999, in Calgary. It was an informal hackathon attended by ten people who took a weekend to work on some cryptographic programming. Only a week later, during a JavaOne conference, SUN’s marketing team challenged the attending programmers to write a script in Java, which would enable infrared communication between Palm V users and register it online. The competition was nicknamed ‘the Hackathon’ and was the first competitive gathering of the sort. However, neither of these were organized in relation to startups (OpenBSD organized an open source project, and SUN was a well-developed company).Super Happy Dev House organized hackathons in 2005 as a way of differentiating from the business orientation of the Silicon Valley. Their objective was to focus on actual progra mming and technological advancements. As such, they were launching a sort of an anti-startup campaign with the use of hackathons.Soon the Facebook team decided to follow the Super Happy Dev House example and started to form their informal gatherings. However, it was somewhat paradoxical at the time because they were a startup company using an anti-startup model for their business.In 2006 Yahoo team, organized the Hack Day with the intention of opening the circle of developers to members of a wider community â€" not only corporate programmers.A year later, the Startup Weekend marked the beginning of combining technological innovation with establishing new businesses. In the following years, hackathons spread to other niches (for example, music, gaming, education, health in combination with programming) and groups (students become a massive targeted group).Moreover, it has been proved that ideas that spur from hackathons, even if they are not noticed at the time of the creation, can b e developed into a success story. For example, the developers of GroopLy did not win the TechCrust Disrupt Hackathon. However, they continued to work on their idea and eventually sold the GroopMe app to Skype for (allegedly) more than 80 million dollars!Today, hackathons range from one hundred to more than one thousand attendees collaboratively brainstorming and developing ideas in a wide range of niches. They serve as a business platform for new software variations as well as the ground point for future employment and startup formation.For a structured and insightful historical overview of the development of hackathons check out Jon Gottfried’s lecture for the 2014 Hackcon. FORM AMBIANCE OF HACKATHONSHackathons begin with presentations about the event and the specific assignment if there is one. The assignments are mostly related to software development through focus on programming languages, operating systems, applications, or API’s (application programming interface) and, in a somewhat lesser amount, hardware development. Hackathons mostly use and develop open source software code that means that the code is available to the public for usage and alteration.Further on, attendees suggest ideas and form groups based on thematic and/or ability preferences. Formed groups proceed to develop their ideas over the course of 24 hours or more (up to a week).Once the groups have finished their work, they demonstrate results and, if the hackathon was of a competitive type, are evaluated by judges formed from peers, sponsors, and organizers. Winning teams receive prizes of all sorts â€" from cows to 250 thousand dollars.The ambiance is often informal: food comprises out of pizzas and snacks, energy drinks and coffee stream in abundance, and the participants bring their accommodation â€" sleeping bags. General spirit (even if it is a competition) is comprised of appreciation of other people’s ideas and an effort to contribute as best as one can to the project. The attitude is positive and affirmative. As many hackathons are student-oriented, it is clear that the atmosphere is playful (as proven with the cow-prize). Corporative hackathons are somewhat more professional but not rigid in form.TYPES OF HACKATHONSThe objectives and themes of hackathons vary immensely. Some hackathons target different groups while other target different subjects. From students to corporate employees through programming language and operating system types to specific niches, purposes and products, hackathons are spreading in width and depth nowadays. Here we will present some general types of hackathon organization.NicheMany hackathons are organized as a platform for development of application types such as mobile applications, operating system variations as well as web and video game upgrading. These gatherings are usually niche-oriented. For example, Music Hack Day focuses on software and hardware developments in collaboration with music enthusiasts while Science Hack Day is oriented towards different science-related applications. These kinds of hackathons are extremely popular worldwide and attract massive amounts of media attention â€" and sponsors.Language and/or FrameworkSome hackathons are organized for development of applications in a specified programming language or framework such as JavaScript or HTML5 while others differ according to usage of particular API’s. Application programming interface (API’s) is a software component that consists out of specific tools, routines, and protocols for building applications. For example, individual hackathons are held by Yahoo, Google, and Lonely Planet according to their corporative API’s.Single ApplicationThe so-called ‘sprints’ are gatherings organized in order to improve or upgrade a specific language, operating or management system by the principle of open source programming and are rarely competitive. Some of the renowned hackathons of the sort are the annual OpenBSD since 1999 a nd MediaWiki.CorporateCorporate hackathons are internal gatherings of employees of individual companies such as Google, Facebook, and Microsoft. They are organized to promote or develop new products. One of the most notable results from an internal hackathon is the Facebook’s Like button.Demographic and Level of ExpertiseHackathons can be held for a specific demographic group such as teenagers, students or women. Many technology universities (UCLA, Princeton, Yale and many others) hold hackathons for members of their community as well as students from other universities. These are usually competitive in type with awards in the form of sponsorship (from HackTX, PennApps, HackMIT and others).Some hackathons are oriented toward specific expertise levels of the programmers â€" most notably CodeDay across the United States. The objective is to advance the knowledge of iOS programming and web development through diverse workshops.AltruisticA variety of gatherings of programmers has been organized in an effort to promote acts of altruism. These hackathons have dealt with issues of politics, transit systems, local economies, education, disasters and crisis as well as psychological health (for example, DementiaHack was focused on improvement of lives of people suffering from dementia). Moreover, several hackathons were held as homage to Aaron Swartz â€" the late computer programmer and internet activist.PROJECTS AT HACKATHONSIn addition to the variety that emerges in the matters of hackathon organization, there is a multitude of approaches that participants take. In this section, we will introduce most common types of projects which can be encountered at hackathons.Upgrade of the ExistingThese projects utilize existing open source software data and incorporate new elements. These elements are either original or taken from a different application and used in a distinctive and unique combination. The objective is to research possibilities and full potential of the algo rithms and libraries that have already been used in some way. For example, a programmer decides to add new features to an application or uses a different programming language so as to improve the appearance of a web page.FusionsFusion projects combine different services in order to improve the utility of both of them. For example, taking the infrastructure of a social network and combining it with a file hosting service in order to have a simplified and more efficient information transfer (BoxMe is such a combination of Facebook and SkyDrive).All New â€" Complex ModeSome participants and groups try to build something completely new (framework, libraries or languages). The technological and imaginational complexity of this kind of undertaking often makes the end results seem unfinished (and sometimes they are). However, the previously mentioned GroopMe project proves that such projects can become extremely profitable products later on.All New â€" Simple ModeOn the other hand, some ne w applications can be unchallenging in the matters of programming but have been polished to the maximum. These applications are visibly completely finished; attention to detail has been made, and the product is ready for use.HACKATHON FOR ENTREPRENEURSAfter having introduced basic notions about what hackathons are and how they function, we would like to address their principles in the sphere of entrepreneurial endeavors. As an entrepreneur, you can find a constellation of opportunities arising from hackathons. Whether you want to host one for your business, become a sponsor, find employees or business partners, new projects you want to invest in or present, define in detail and polish some of your ideas hackathons are excellent platforms for all of these. In this section, we will browse through all of the stated and provide some additional guidelines that can come in handy.Why and How to Run a HackathonRegardless of the niche to which your business (or the business you are planning on opening) belongs, hackathons can be an excellent choice for the idea proliferation and project realization. More importantly, the marketing domains that are essential for success seek innovative ways of presenting products and/or services. Hackathons, as they are a nucleus of creativity and expertise in technology, can be the wind to the sails of your business.Primarily, you can always organize hackathon-type gatherings among your circle of employees and associates. These do not have to be dependent on technology. The principles that you should implement are collaboration, positive attitude and psychologically incentive surrounding. The gatherings should be informal brainstorming on anything work-related: from ideas for new products and services to projects on workplace design or improvement of staff relations. The following step (explained below) would be the realization of projects that have been assessed as worthy of pursuit. Such events can do much for continuous productivit y of your business.On the other hand, proper hackathons can, as we stated above, be a determinative factor for distinction of your products and services among similar ones on the market.For example, you own a fish restaurant. You have made a great menu with fresh and quality groceries; your cook is sublime, and the décor is wonderful. However, the competition is hard. Organizing a hackathon can be an excellent solution to your problem. How? If a product or a service is good, the reason it is not reaching its full potential should always be looked for in its marketing strategies. By gathering some of the local programmers for 24-hour collaboration in ways your fish restaurant can improve its marketing position might result in some downright results. Maybe they will update your social networking accounts, make a more interactive website or develop a mobile application that will provide menus and interesting facts about your type of cuisine. Perhaps they will include a simple multipla yer game that will bring the top players discount on a meal every month.Interaction with your customers is extremely important regardless of the type of business you are managing. Organizing a hackathon can provide you the means to achieve your goals. Their scale should be adjusted according to your needs and possibilities. Due to the fact that hackathons have their form, here is the guide that you should follow if you engage in such an undertaking.Step by Step Guide Towards a Successful HackathonStep 1: Define the target group of hackathonFirstly, you must have a goal in mind â€" an objective you are trying to reach with the organization of a hackathon. Is it a purely marketing oriented development you are trying to achieve or are you interested in more complex technological solutions? According to answers to these questions, you should at least roughly form the type of your project. The type of your project should influence the demographic of developers, as well as their expertise overall, or in certain areas (whether they are programming languages, operating systems or something else).Step 2: Arrange location, sponsors, promote your hackathonYou should arrange a venue of appropriate size for your event. There should be enough room for all attendees and their equipment. Provide Wi-Fi connection, sleeping areas (sleeping bags are the usual sleeping arrangement), food and drinks (snacks, pizza, coffee, energy drinks).Contact sponsors for your event â€" if sponsors attend your hackathon, more skilled participants will come. You can explain what goals you have and what industry do you represent as well as offer including some of their features as a part of the project of the hackathon.Create a web page with information about your hackathon and enlist it on some of the pages that provide calendars of upcoming hackathons.Moreover, promote your event in social networks and other forms of media. Make flyers and posters of your event with a description of the target groups of developers and a general overview of the approach your hackathon will be taking.Step 3: Set your rules for the hackathon eventWhen the day of the event comes, make sure to make a presentation about the objective of the gathering. Provide guidelines on what you are hoping to see the end results and take note of the suggestions which are being made.Step 4: Ensure fluidness of the eventMake sure connection and collaboration are at their highest level. Get to know your sponsors and your hackers. Introduce them to one another. As the fluidness of communication increases so will the quality and quantity of ideas and results. Enjoy the event and balance a positive and productive atmosphere among your ‘guests’.Step 5: Award the best project and the best team in the hackathonIt would be advisable to provide a sort of a reward for the best project and team of your event. It does not have to be something big or even financial. At least make a symbolic gesture in order to show you r attendees appreciation and recognition. You should form a judging body of people who you believe can make the right decision (peers can also be judges).Connect, Collaborate, ConstructEven if you are not ready or willing to host your hackathon, you can always participate in one â€" as a sponsor or an investor (and of course as a participant). The time spent with different, intelligent and creative people will become a part of your networking process and having a wide specter of potential associates or partners is crucial for every entrepreneur. You might get an idea for a new product or improvement of an old one. Maybe you will decide to build a startup. In every case, you will be a part of a distinctive creative process and form relations with awesome people.SUCCESSFUL IDEAS AND PROJECTS THAT WERE FORMED AT HACKATHONSHackathons are a fruitful platform for launching new advancements in programming technologies and awesome projects as well. Most entrepreneurs who participate in thes e events claim that all of their ideas and projects from hackathons find way to incorporate themselves into their business over time.The most notable example of an extremely successful hackathon project is the previously mentioned GroupMe, which is a messaging application. Started off as GroopLy, the project was not even noticed on the TechCrunch Disrupt Hackathon. However, the team of developers continued to work on their project and ended up being purchased by Skype.Similar happened to the Flutter application for gesture recognition that was purchased by Google.After winning a hackathon, the Doracy application became a startup enterprise serving as a repository for legal documents and online negotiation and affirmation of contracts.Moreover, the Zaarly application that was introduced on a hackathon has also become a startup providing information on local enterprises and services one might find interest in or use of.There are plenty of other enterprises that spurred from hackathons and grew into successful businesses and they gravitate around various niche, products and services (travelling, socializing, health, education, science, arts and so on).The important thing to bear in mind is that hackathons are stacked with creativity and thus embody the excellent ideas as well as bad ideas. Nevertheless, due to the constant flux of opinions, innovation and the collaboration of different people from peers to experts in the field you are interested in, you can enhance your creativity over time and alter the bad ideas into something exquisite.CONCLUSIONWe followed the journey of hackathons from computer clubs in 1970s to the MegaHackathons that host one thousand developers for almost a week. What is always in focus with these kids of gatherings is the ‘back to the roots attitude’. This means the main objective is to create. Sponsorships, investments, startups, and awards have a big significance for hackathons nowadays, but it is clear that a prevailing number of developers still have that spark of passion for what they are doing. This spark is best lit among peers, and this is why hackathons boost exhilaration from all who participate. All things considered, hackathons bring forward a multitude of innovative ideas and projects in various industries and services. Moreover, the projects are often a combination of diverse factors that enable the development on both sides. As an entrepreneur (especially if you are in the computing or marketing niche, but not exclusively) you can open your views, refine ad properly structure your projects and ideas as well as make solid connections for you business by participating or hosting a hackathon.

Great Despair Of The Salem Witch Trials - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 736 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/06/10 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Salem Witch Trials Essay Did you like this example? The Salem witch hunt of 1692 is one of the best known events in American history. It was a time where many feared for their life and became paranoid of everyone around them. People began to accuse each other without any authentic evidence and others agreed with the accusations as they did not want to be associated nor accused with being a witch. Since technology was not advance during these times, the evidence offered against the accused were in most cases, the verbal word of individuals who testified of their experiences in where they either witnessed an act of witchcraft or were a victim of it. In each case there were several people who testified against the accused, and although each slightly vary, for the most part, the same experiences occur. Many claim to be grievously tormented by â€Å"pinching and pricking†(p.73), some experienced more violent acts in where they were â€Å"choking to death†(p.78) or â€Å"pressing me on my stomach till the blood came out of my mouth†(p.97). There are many who claimed the accused would urged them to write in a book which was seen as signing your soul away to the Devil. Another form of evidence used was when girls would become hysterical and have strange fits when the accused were brought into the room. The girls claimed that they would see invisible animals or e vil spirits talking to the â€Å"witch†. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Great Despair Of The Salem Witch Trials" essay for you Create order Salem Town was a small community which meant that the â€Å"everyday life was intensely personal†(p.15) as everyone seem to know and be connected to one another in some way. They depended on each other both physically and mentally, so the uprising of these witch hunts negatively affected many and their relationships with their neighbors. The conflicts between neighbors were usually due to revenge for refusing a request, an exchange of goods that went awry, or someone allegedly damaging property. In the case of Sarah Good, one neighbor claimed that â€Å"Gadge’s cows died in a sudden, terrible, and strange unusual manner†(p.78) without a natural cause after Good was not allowed to enter the house of the Gadge’s, which resulted into Good â€Å"muttering and scolding extremely.. If she would not let her in she should give her something.†(p.78) Another neighbor who offered Good and her husband housing out of charity claimed that they â€Å"began to lo se cattle†(p.80) after she forced Sarah and her husband to leave due to Good being â€Å"turbulent a spirit, spiteful, and so maliciously bent.†(p.80) Sarah Goods unfortunate past and situation along with her â€Å"reputation for holding a grudge, and for muttering curses against those who crossed her†(p.69) did not help her case during the trials, as there was no one to defend her. During a formal trial, the accused were not represented by lawyers but were allowed to ask questions to the accusers and witnesses. Since most of them were not educated enough nor emotionally prepared to defend themselves, being able to ask questions did not help much. The accused were often faced with easily faked evidence as â€Å"the afflicted girls were almost certainly influenced by the attitudes and fears of the adults with who they lived†(p.23). It was found that if the accused complied and were calm during the trial, they would be questioned less and would be treated slightly better. Historically, a confession as the best way to gain a conviction and to avoid an execution as you would be in repentance for your sins. It’s ironic how those who confessed were not executed while those who refused to confessed were all executed. The Salem witch trials of 1692 was time of great despair for a small religious town. For a community that was once closely knit, many friends and family were turned against one another. Out of the nearly one hundred people accused of practicing witchcraft, nineteen were persecuted and killed. It is unfortunate to think of the many innocent lives taken away as one of the witnesses during these trials, Ann Putnam, later admitted in a public confession that she had â€Å"good reason to believe they were innocent persons; and that it was a great delusion of Satan that deceived me†(p.178) These events will remain controversial as it made an impact on American society and history, however, as times and technology has now advanced greatly, it is very unlikely that an event like this will reoccur.

Communication Is An Important Tool For Developing An...

Introduction Human beings are communicative objects; and they cannot know each other without a communication system (Harris, Nelson, 2008). Because of communication systems, human interaction is imperative for surviving and living in secure lives. As Harris Nelson (2008) indicate that communication is a way of sharing our ideas and feelings with people. Communication is not only important in our own personal lives, but also in any organization. According to Harris and Nelson (2008), communication plays a major role in all activities in the workplace. Also Greenbaum, Clampitt, Willihnganz (1988) emphasize that communication is an important tool for developing an effective organization. Successful communication within an organization†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, to help the company or any organization increase their profits and service quality, management theories need to be established to handle the profits and service quality. Management theories explain ways in which management can best help their workers increase productivity and achieve organizational goals. A method rang from looking at the welfare of workers to focusing on managerial decisions. This research paper will define traditional, interpretive and, critical perspectives and applying them to Marriott Hotel. Also this research will define the management theories and applying them to Hard Rock Cafà ©. The traditional perspective According to Papa, Daniels, Spiker (2007), the â€Å" traditional perspective is so called simply because it is the oldest of three perspectives† (p. 8). From the traditional perspective, organizational communication is defined as the process of a message traveling across space through a channel from one point to another. Traditionalists see that communication as valuable material object that travels though channels such as computers, telephones, and other tangible substances. From this viewpoint, organizational communication is an observable activity that can be subjected to measuring, labeling, and classification (Papa, Daniels, Spiker, 2007), and occurs in a straight direction with a channel acting as a direct linkage between

Ambivalant Title of ‘the Demon Lover’ and ‘the Open Window’ Free Essays

Man has always lived in a most deceiving world, and departed from that idea, every self-respecting author wants to make his readers more sensitive to our planet as it stands. In libraries, shelves are overloaded with committed novels, but it is certainly possible to make an issue and to make the audience well-aware of its own naivety by the use of an ambivalent title, as Elizabeth Bowen and Saki have tried to do with their respective short stories ‘The Demon Lover’ and ‘The Open Window’. The first tale yet, ‘The Demon Lover’, shows that it is not that difficult to put one on the wrong track. We will write a custom essay sample on Ambivalant Title of ‘the Demon Lover’ and ‘the Open Window’ or any similar topic only for you Order Now The title implies that it might be a ghost story, which was still very popular those days, but after a first lecture we can conclude that this is not the case. In spite of the spooky setting – such as the old dusty house in a abandoned neighborhood – and implicit assumptions about the potential presence of a ghost, there are no explicit clues that come up to the reader’s first expectations. Even the suspicious letter on the hall table is not convincing enough; what is more, the fact that no one significant had any key of the house, that there was no stamp on the envelop, that the letter was signed with the first letter of Mrs. Drover’s name and that â€Å"she went to the mirror† (p. 4, l. 27) to see her reflection raises the question whether she did not write it herself. The only demons that occur in the story are those of Mrs. Drover’s past: she is constantly betrayed by nervous twitches as â€Å"an intermittent muscular flicker to the left of her mouth† (p. 4, l. 36), and by the flash-backs to her cold lover in her youth. Incapable to leave her traumas behind, not a single day passes without being haunted by delusions, which is at a low ebb when she mistakes the taxi driver for her formal fiance and she drives completely mad. Delusions could also be found in the other story, ‘The Open Window’. Just like in Bowen’s story, one might be mistaken about the fact that the text deals with paranormal phenomena – for instance the beginning the story that could be interpreted as a ghost story, but â€Å"an undefinable something about the room seemed to suggest masculine habitation† (p. 69, l. 25) shows that there are actually still living there. It starts already with the names of the protagonists: one might think those do not have any significant purpose within the story, but in point of fact, these names are the foundations of he tale. On one hand, Vera’s name could be an ironic prophecy: although it might be a word pun for ‘veracious’, it draws the audience’s attention to be very careful with her treacherous tales. On the other hand, by becoming nuts at the end of the story, Mr. Nuttel wears a very appropriate name. For both of them, the title can have a different meaning: a symbolical for Mr. Nuttel, for whom the fresh air blown into the room represents a new start in life, and a useful one for Vera, who is very keen on deceiving and telling great stories. â€Å"Romance at short notice was her specialty† (p. 70, l. 30)) What is more, because she is a professional manipulator, differences between reality and imagination become slightly invisible, but the open window will open their eyes too, so that they will be forced to think twice. The conclusion is simple: different interpretations ascribed to an ambivalent title do not only broaden one’s horizon, but one could also gain a clear understanding of social standards, human mind and the world in general. And last but not least, it is the perfect way for man to overcome their own naivety. How to cite Ambivalant Title of ‘the Demon Lover’ and ‘the Open Window’, Papers

Clockers free essay sample

I believe any time when there is money, drugs and murder is involved within a community or neighborhood the outcome for the people who live in this type of society can never achieve some type of goal they see or set for themselves. (Massood, P. J. 2001). In conclusion think that almost everything in this movie was deviant and they should be prosecuted. The cops in the movie I thought were unethical and the police should be punished as well. The reason why I say this is because all the young boys in this movie where selling drugs and committing murder.They knew it was wrong but they didnt seem to really care nor did the police, they themselves really didnt seem to care about what they did either for example; the two officers were on their way to a crime scene and they were drinking, and the way they handled Darryls body. We will write a custom essay sample on Clockers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Furthermore when Shorty ha d took Shrikes gun and shot a man. Dt. Rocco altered Shortys confession. Finally there is no reason why all the young men sitting on the bench didnt have real jobs or even go to school, they themselves and the parents should be held reasonable. Killing is wrong and nobody should feel they have the right to take someone elses life.Spike lee uses a unusual documentary camera effect to get close ups in the street scenes he fades in on facial conversations using hand held cameras he gets a Ghetto atmosphere in the movie using over exposed film different techniques of cinematography such camera angles, mise-en-scene, editing, and sound to enhance the use of close-ups gave them a viewer a sense of emotional connectedness. The use of cinematographic techniques made the viewer understanding of the relationship between Brothers including the father figures Rodney, Detective Rocco and Andre the local cop.These techniques used the space centralized in and around a plaza the indoor scene in Strikes apartment using dimmed light to en hance the train set scene pictured the fantasy world that normal every kids have to support strikes longing Adolescent side

45 Idioms About Ordinal and Multiplicative Numbers

45 Idioms About Ordinal and Multiplicative Numbers 45 Idioms About Ordinal and Multiplicative Numbers 45 Idioms About Ordinal and Multiplicative Numbers By Mark Nichol The following is a list of idioms about ordinal numbers (first, second, and so on) and multiplicative numbers, or what the late English-usage expert Henry Watson Fowler called numeral adverbs (once, twice, and so on). (Because I have already devoted an entire post to idioms that include first, I’ve omitted them here.) 1. bottom of the ninth: the last minute, from the last segment of the last inning of a baseball game 2. break the fourth wall: speaking directly to the audience during a theatrical performance (or, by extension, a film or a television program) 3. cheap at twice the price: exceedingly inexpensive 4. don’t think twice: don’t concern yourself about it 5. eleventh hour: the last minute 6. even a stopped clock is right twice a day: someone who is usually mistaken can be correct on rare occasions 7. fifth column: collaborators supporting would-be invaders from within a country 8. fool me once, shame on you; fool me twice, shame on me: a proverb expressing that one should be wary of the intentions of someone who has tricked one before 9. for once: on this particular occasion 10. Fourth Estate: journalists as a group (originally, a reference to the press in counterpoint to three other major demographic groups: the clergy, the nobility, and the common people) 11. give (one) the once-over: examine with interest 12–13. if I’ve told you once, I’ve told you a hundred/thousand times: a phrase expressing, with exaggeration, that one has repeatedly referred to something 14. lightning never strikes (the same place) twice: an unusual occurrence that has happened before won’t happen again 15. once and for all: permanently 16. once bitten, twice shy: a proverb expressing that one’s inclination is to avoid people who, or things, that have hurt them 17. once in a blue moon: very rarely 18. once in a lifetime: said of something likely to occur only once during one’s life 19. once over lightly: quickly 20. once upon a time: once in the past (used often as the beginning of a fairy tale to express that the story occurred long ago) 21. opportunity knocks but once: a proverb expressing that one may have only one chance to take advantage of an opportunity 22–23. plead/take the fifth: said humorously in response to a request for provocative information when one does not want to reveal it (a reference to the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which protects citizens against self-incrimination) 24. second banana: someone who plays a secondary role (from show business slang for a supporting comedian) 25. second best: something not as good as the thing desired 26. second chance: another opportunity 27. second childhood: a period later in life marked by renewed interest in things of interest to a child or by reduced mental capacity 28. second class: inferior, as in references to travel accommodations or disadvantaged citizens 29. second fiddle: one who plays, or is perceived to play, a subordinate role (from an informal reference to violinists in a music ensemble who are not the principal violinist) 30. second-guess: predict another’s action or decision 31. secondhand: as an adjective, not original, or previously owned; as an adverb, indirectly, or obtained from another 32. second nature: said of a behavior or habit that one seems to have been born with 33. second sight: clairvoyance, or the supposed ability to see something happening elsewhere or in the future 34. second thought: a reference to changing one’s mind, as in the phrase â€Å"on second thought† or to be inclined to do so, as in the phrase â€Å"having second thoughts† 35. second to none: better than anyone or anything else 36. second wind: restoration of easy breathing after physical exertion, or a renewal or energy or strength 37. seventh heaven: a state of bliss 38. sixth sense: a perceptiveness that cannot be achieved with the five physical senses 39. think twice: carefully consider 40. the third degree: intense questioning 41. third rail: something dangerous, like the electrified third rail of an electric railway system 42. third time’s the charm: one will succeed on the third try 43. Third World: the undeveloped world, first used to describe countries not aligned with the world’s democratic and communist nations during the Cold War 44–45. third/fifth wheel: a person thought to be unwelcome in the company of a pair or quartet of people; usually a reference to a single person with one or two couples Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Good At, Good In, and Good With"Wracking" or "Racking" Your Brain?5 Examples of Insufficient Hyphenation

Trauma Development and Spirituality Essay Example

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